Vernonia| LXXI, COMPOSIT. 531 
ing with minute sessile glands, entire, pointed, sessile, + to 1 in. 
long; capitula homogamous, many-flowered, campanulate-hemi- 
spherical, solitary, terminating the stems, erect ; involucral scales 
triseriate, nearly glabrate or puberulous in parts, the outer ones 
subfoliaceous narrow linear not contiguous, the middle ones 
scarious-subcoriaceous broader subacute or broadly pointed usually 
with a patch of almost obsolete felt near the apex, the inner ones 
longest obtuse somewhat crisp and with a red patch about the 
apex ; corollas violet-purple or deep-violet, nearly glabrous; the 
tube elongated, narrow, abruptly dilated into an _ urceolate- 
campanulate 5-cleft limb; the lobes narrow, thinly glandular 
outside ; anthers included, sagittate scarcely caudate at the base, 
furnished at the apex with a straight lanceolate rather obtuse 
appendage; filaments nearly glabrous; style subcylindrical, 
glabrous from the base to the middle, thence towards the apex 
plainly dilated and as well as the elongated exserted branches 
densely pubescent ; achenes cylindrical-obpyramidal, densely and 
finely pilose, 10-ribbed, more densely pilose along the ribs and 
glandular between them; basal callus very short, suboblique; 
apical areola broad nearly flat furnished in the centre with a 
mucroniform or thinly conical nectary ; pappus biseriate, rigid, 
straw-coloured ; the sete of the inner row exceeding the corolla- 
tube, thick, densely hispid, very brittle, caducous; those of the 
outer row half as long, hispidulous, more acute and persisting 
longer; receptacle flat, marked with non-confluent areole. 
HviLiaA.—On rather dry sparingly bushy hills near Lopollo, at an 
elevation of 5000 ft. ; rather rare and seen nowhere else ; fl. and fr. 
Nov. 1859. No. 3988. 
31. V. Macrocyanus O. Hoffm. in Henr. Bol. Soc. Brot. xiii. p. 20 
(1896). 
Macrocyanus Welw. ex O. Hoftm., U.c., p. 21, and in Herb. 
Huitia.—A herb, with a woody perennial several-headed rootstock, 
stemless or the 2- to 3-headed stem scapiform ;-capitula broad, 
homogamous ; involucral scales in 3 or 4 rows, broadly lanceolate, 
imbricate, rather lax, ciliate on the margin with slender short very 
dense prickles, the inner scales longer than the outer ; corolla deep- 
blue, deeply 5-cleft ; the tube very long, filiform ; the lobes narrow, 
bearded at the apex with a crest of short hairs, subcucullate ; anthers 
acutely appendaged at the apex, with longer ciliate-fimbriate or 
occasionally lacerated appendages at the base ; style somewhat dilated 
below its division into branches and then hispidulous, with the 
branches very long rather flat inside and puberulous-hispidulous 
round the outside ; achenes obcuncate, narrowed at the base, truncate 
at the apex, with several ribs, densely hispid all round (or very nearly 
glabrous) ; pappus in several rows; the sete rigid, hispidulous, per- 
sisting a long time. On the wooded sunny declivities of hilly pastures 
near Catumba and towards Ohay, not at all abundant ; fl. and nearly 
ripe fr. Jan. 1860. No. 3883. Flowers blue. In the hilly pastures 
of Catumba, very rare because often died down; fl. and young fr. 
Jan. 1860. No. 3884. In pastures with low bushes on the right bank 
of the river of Lopollo ; fl. and young fr. Dec. 1859. No. 3885. 
