Sphacophyllum | LXXI, COMPOSITA. 573 
37. SPHACOPHYLLUM Benth.; Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 
p. 339. 
1. S. pinnatifidum O. Hoffm. in Bol. Soc. Brot. xiii. p. 26 (1896). 
Huriia.—In thickets flooded in the rainy season, near Empalanca ; 
fl.-bud Dec. 1859 and Jan. 1860. No. 3443. In drying-up swamps on 
the right bank of the Lopollo river ; fl. April 1860. No. 3442. 
2. §. candelabrum O. Hoffim., /.c., p. 27. 
Hu1Ltta.—Capitula heterogamous, radiate, yellow ; style more than 
usually thick, with short somewhat compressed branches, thickened 
at the apex ; pale of the receptacle very tall. In moist places at the 
outskirts of forests near Catumba and between Mumpulla and Nene 
and between the latter and Humpata ; fl. and fr. Oct. 1859 and May 
1860. No. 3444. Flowers golden-yellow ; achenes 4- or 5-angular, 
truncate, the angles hispidulous ; crown of the pappus short, densely 
paleaceous, with 1 to 3 angles prolonged into brittle setz. In marshy 
places at the banks of streams near Lopollo ; fl. and fr. Dec. 1859. 
No, 3981. 
This species approaches closely to the genus Anisopappus, and has 
the aspect of A. chinensis Hook & Arn. 
3. 8. Welwitschii O. Hoffm., /.c. 
Punco ANDoNGO.—An erect annual herb, 2 to 3 ft. high, with 
golden-yellow flowers. In open sandy forests along the banks of the 
river Cuanza, near Mopopo: fl. and fr. 30 April 1857. No. 3985. 
This species has the aspect of S. africanum O. Hoffm. (Astephania 
africana Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1506), but it differs by its broader 
concave scales on the receptacle embracing the florets; the achenes 
seen by me are very nearly glabrous, and not pilose as stated in 
Hoffmann’s description quoted above. 
4, §. pumilum Hiern, sp. n. 
A scabrid-pubescent or puberulous undershrub; pubescence 
whitish, crisp, sometimes obsolete ; rootstock thick, woody, perennial, 
branched ; stems decumbent or ascending, branched at and near 
the base, rather slender and wiry above, 3 to 5 in. high in our 
specimens but apparently they are only young shoots after the 
burning of the previous stems ; branches erect or ascending, slender, 
leafy below, sulcate-striate; leaves alternate, mostly crowded, 
narrowly linear or linear-oblanceolate, obtuse at the apex, sessile 
or the lower ones spathulate-subpetiolate, dull-green, thick, 4 to 
+ in. long, ascending or somewhat spreading, the margins entire, 
‘involute ; capitula broadly campanulate or sub-hemispherical, not 
turbinate, + to $ in. in diameter, heterogamous, radiate, many- 
flowered, terminating the erect or ascending peduncular branches ; 
involucral scales pauciseriate, oval-oblong or sublinear, subobtuse, 
% to $ in. long, subglabrous or ciliolate-fimbriate near the apex, 
the outer ones somewhat cymbiform below ; flowers yellow ; ligulate 
florets uniseriate, female ; the ligule exceeding the involucre, oval, 
plurinerved ; disk-florets multiseriate, hermaphrodite, + to + in. 
long; the corolla narrowly funnel-shaped from a slender base, 
glabrous, exceeding the involucre, shortly 5-lobed, the lobes ovate- 
lanceolate; anthers produced at the apex into lanceolate appendages, 
