100 FLOWERS OF THE WOODS AND COPSES 
at the end of a thin branch it is also blown to a distance by the 
wind. 
The Oak is more or less confined to the hillier stony tracts of 
the country where it is native, and is partly a rock plant, partly a sand- 
loving plant, always growing, however, in a soil rich in humus, and 
most often on clay or loam. 
The Dryad Fungus, Polyporus dryadeus, forms large brackets, 
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Oak (Quercus Robur, L.) 
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Photo. H. Irving 
sometimes a foot or more across, on the bark, and Festudzna hepatica, 
the ‘beefsteak fungus”, is also common on it. 
Neuroterus lenticularis forms the “spangle gall”, Zeras terminalis 
the “oak apple”, and some 50 other galls are formed upon it. The 
fungi attacking bark or leaves are numerous, belonging to the genera 
Diaporthe, Spherulina, Rosellinia, Dichena, Sclerotinia, Bulgaria, 
Uredo, Lenzites, Hypholoma, Photiota, Collybia, Dedalea, Fomes, 
Polyporus, Fistulina, Hydnum, Cortictum, Stereum, Tremella, &c. 
Many insects find a livelihood upon the Oak, such as Lacanus 
cervus, Pseudococcus acris, Prionus corarius, Attelabus curculionides, 
Polydrusus micans, Orchestes quercus, Scolytus destructor, Dryocactes 
villosus, Trypodendron domesticum, Xyleborus, Neuroterus, Spathe- 
gaster, Aphilothrix, Andricus, Dryophanta, Biorhiza, Teras, Cynips, 
