184 FLOWERS OF THE. ROADSIDES AND HEDGES 
The Hemlock is very tall, graceful, erect, bearing numerous 
branches. The stem is smooth, bluish-white, shiny, hollow, and finely 
furrowed. The leaves at the base are large, triangular, shining, very 
much divided, the oblong leaflets having sharp coarse teeth. When 
crushed, the leaves smell like mice. 
The umbels of the flowerhead are terminal, those of the partial 
involucres or whorls of leaflike organs on one side only lance-shaped. 
The flowers are small, numerous (several hundreds in one umbel), and 
so conspicuous. They are 
white, and the first ones to 
open are male _ flowers. 
There are no calyx teeth. 
The petals have a turned- 
in point serving to protect 
the honey, and are blunt, 
heart-shaped, and unequal. 
The umbels are axillary. The 
flowers are sweet-scented. 
The Hemlock ¢ 
a height of 5-10 ft. The 
flowers open in June and 
rows to 
July. It is perennial, and 
reproduced by seeds. In 
winter the roots contract, and 
the plant is drawn down into 
the earth. 
The flowers mature 
slowly and gradually, and at 
Photo. W. E, Mayes 
HEMLOCK (Conzum maculatum, L.) first are entirely male, and 
later entirely female. When 
the flower opens, the anthers open, and are covered with pollen one by 
one before the styles appear. Each anther is at a distance of two-fifths 
the circumference from the preceding one. The anthers elongate and 
stand above the stigma. In the middle of the male period the older 
anthers wither and turn outwards, while the rest are opening and take 
their place, and are covered with pollen. The styles are still short and 
bent in with the stigmas unripe. After all the anthers have fallen off, the 
styles become erect, and stigmatic knobs form at the end of the styles. 
The flowers are visited by Savegus, Calliphora, Luctlia, Scatophaga, 
Meligethes, Trichius, Nematus, \chneumonids, Pomprlus, Andrena. 
The fruits are flattened or winged to aid in their dispersal by the 
