GREAT BINDWEED 213 
do not close up when it is raining, though they contain honey. They 
close between 8 and 10 p.m., but are open when it is a moonlight 
night. The floral mechanism is as in C. avvenszs. The honey is in 
a yellow ring at the base of the ovary. The style is twisted, as in 
some plants where the flowers are pollinated by crepuscular insects. 
It is visited by the Convolvulus Hawk Moth (Sphzna convolvulz), 
which has been found on 
the flowers in the evening. 
The ovary does not bend 
over after flowering, being 
protected by the large leaf- 
like organs or bracts. 
Halictus, Megachile, 
Empis, Rhingia, creep 
into the base of the 
flower by day, and insert 
their probosces between 
slits between the filaments 
or anther stalks. ARhzngza 
rostrata applies its labellze 
to the anthers, stigma, 
and corolla wall. J/eh- 
gethes, Thrips, Podura, 
visit it by day. Wher- 
ever the Convolvulus 
Hawk Moth (Sphznx con- 
volvulz) is common so is ey VA bap 
C. sepium. If the former pe Pe Fas ras Bang 
is absent the latter may GREAT BINDWEED (Convolvulus sepium, Br.) 
not produce seed at all. 
The capsule splits open when ripe, the seeds being scattered around 
the parent plant. 
Great Bindweed is a sand-loving plant growing mainly on sand 
soil, or sandy soil or sandy loam with a little humus. 
Three fungi, Cystopus tragopogonis, Pucctnia convolvult, and Theca- 
phora hyalina, infest it, and the latter destroys the seeds. 
A beetle Longztarsus exoletus, and several moths, the Convolvulus 
Hawk Moth (Sphina convolvul’), Small Scallop (Actdalia emarginata), 
the Double-striped Pug (upithecia pumilata), Pterophorus penta- 
dactylus, Emmelesia trabealis, Spotted Sulphur (A grophila sulphuralis), 
the Four-spotted (Acontia luctuosa), Small Mottled Willow (Cavadrina 
