ROADSIDES AND HEDGES 
vegetation, each of which should be studied 
separately. 
The margin of the macadam forms one zone, 
the greensward forms a second, and answers 
to the meadow type of flora. In each case a 
percentage of the most dominant plants should 
be made. A note should be made as to the 
soil characters here, as in the other zones, also 
the slope, and relation to the tree zone if it be 
well developed. Any unusual features of this 
zone, as the occurrence of scrub, of ponds, or 
streams that sometimes run parallel with the 
macadam should be noted. Where stone-heaps 
or gateways with open ground occur these may 
be treated as units in themselves. 
The intersection of road drains or roadways 
at right angles to the macadam should be 
Dist 
noted, and any influences these bring to bear 
discriminated, 
The next zone, the ditch, is studied as a 
small stream or river, where it may show em- 
bryonic zonation or bands of vegetation of 
different types. When dry it may be con- 
sidered as a ground flora to the semi-woodland 
type of hedgerow vegetation. Bridges crossing 
such ditches should be studied apart, and the 
special features recognized. 
The hedgerow bank is treated separately, 
and the influence of the hedge upon the ground 
flora should be carefully studied. The hedge 
itself is treated in the same way as scrub, and 
plants in the hedge bottom as its ground flora. 
Where walls occur they should be studied as 
in the section dealing with walls, &c. 
