78. COMPOSIT.E. 



1, Heads solitary, disciform and heteroo-amous : — 



a. Leaves pin'natifid. Hds. peduncled . . . .37. CufnJa. 



b. L. simple. Hds. sessile or shortly peduncled ; — 



Invol. !)racts spreadinsT in fruit " 38. Cenfipeda. 



Tnvol. bracts incurved in fruit m. Sphceromorphcea. 



2. Heads jianicleil, disciform, homogarnous or hetero- 



gamoui^ 



40. Ai'femixia. 



Tribe VIII. Senecionidiv. Heads lieterogamous. rayed or 

 disciform. Invol. bracts mostly 1-seriate and subequal 

 often formiufT a tube with a few bracteoles at the base. 

 Recei)t. not paleaceous (sometimes fimbrillate,'. Anthers 

 rarely tailed. Style-arms truncate penicillate round the 

 tip (rarely tip conic, p g. EmUia, or obtuse, very rarely acute). 

 Pappus of fine hairs. Leaves alternate. 



Hds, disciform. Fls, pink 41, Eiuilla. 



Hds. radiate. Fls, yellow 42. Sruccio. 



Tribe IX, Calendula\ Hds. radiate. Tnvol, bractf' 1-2-seriate. 

 Recept. naked. Anther cells mucronate. Style-arms trun- 

 cate, Cypsele laroe, (ieformed. often tubercled. Leaves 

 alternate 42*. Cnleiidtda. 



B, Brush hairs on or bek>w' the fork fonuing a corona, or style 

 thickened or otherwise chang-ed at thefoi'k (cp. p. 454) : — 



Tribe X. Cynaroidea^. Fls. all tubular. Invol. bracts many- 

 seriate, tips scarious spinous or foliaceous. Receptacle 

 densely bristly (paleaceous in 46). Anther-cells tailed. 

 Pappus various or 0. Leaves alt. often spinescent. 



1, Hds. 1-fld, crowded into involucrate compound hds, . 43, Eehhiops. 



2, Heads many-tid. simple :— 



a. Basal areole of cypsele horizontal : — 



i, L, spinescent. Filaments papillose-hairy , . 44, C'nictis. 



As iu 44 but hds. very'large, bracts appendaged , 44*. Cyuava. 

 ii. Leaves unarmed : — 



Filaments free, g-labrous. Pappus feathery . . ^o, Sanssurea. 

 Fil, free, hairy. Recept. paleaceous. Pappus 

 sub-paleaceous ........ 46, C-roinocaidon. 



h. Basal areole of cypsele oblique or lateral : — 



i. Involucre not bracteate at base, Fls. purple or 

 white : — 



Cypsele smooth 47, Tricholeph. 



Cypsele 10-15-ribbed 48. Volntarella. 



ii. Invol, l)racteate at base with spinous leaves. Fls. 



oraiige-red ........ 49. Carfluimux. 



II. Liguliflorese. Sap milk}-. All florets ligulate {rp. -p. 454) : — 

 Tribe XI, Cichoriea^ Ibis, homos-amous and fls. similar with 



truncate 5-toothed liyide. Style-arms slender. Leaves 



alternate. 



1. Cypsele truncate. Fls. blue. Pappus paleaceous . , 49*. Clclioriiim. 



2. Cypsele narrowed or truncate. Fls. yellow. Pappus 



hairy :— 

 Cypsele narrowed each end. many-ribbed or ribbed and 



grooved. Leaves chiefly i-adical 50, Creph. 



Cypsele flattened, beaked, ribbed on faces , , ,51, Lacfnca. 

 Cypsele truncate, columnar Avith few stout ribs, stems 



more or less prostrate or slender 52. Laiincea. 



Cypsele sub-terete or compressed, not beaked, ribbed, 



stems stout erect leafy 53. Sonchu^. 



ARTIFICIAL KEY TO COMPOSITiE. 



§ Juice not milk\-. inner flowers of head not ligulate 

 (cp. p. 459) :— 

 I. All flowers similar and tubular (cp, pp. 457 and 458; : — 

 A, Receptacle neither paleaceous nor densely bristly 

 and leaves Tu'ver spinose : — 



45() 



