78. COMPOSITjE. 



Invol. bracts scarious or hyaline. Style-arms 



truncate 15. Qnaphaliam. 



luvol. bracts not scarious. Lai'ge herb with 



leaves white beneath 17. Inula. 



III. Inner flowers tubular, outer (ray) fls. Ululate {,cp. 

 pp. 456, 457) :— 



A. Receptacle not paleaceous : — 



1, Ray fls. neither yellow nor orange. Pappus of 



hairs :— 

 Ray tis. several-seriate, very narrow . . .5. Erigeron, 

 Ray fls. 1- rarely 2-seriate, broader . . .5*. Aster. 

 Outer invol. bracts foliaceoiis. Pappus with an 



outer ring of short connate bristles . . . 5**. CullUtephus. 



2. Ray flowers j'ellow or orange : — 

 a. Pappus of hairs : — 



i. Style arms slender acute. 

 (Jypselehardlj' ribbed. Pappus without scales 18. Vicoa. 

 Cypsele ribbed. Pappus with outer row of 



scales 19. Fxilicar'vi, 



ii. Style arms truncate with a crown of short 



hairs ........ 42. Senecio. 



h. Pappus of 5-6 scales. Recept. fimbrillate . 36. Ta(jetei~. 

 c. Pappus : — 



Hds. simple, large, orange 42*. Calendcln. 



Heads compound, ray fls. only 1 in each head, 



verj^ short, tongue-like. Leaves opp. . . 35. Flaceria. 



B. Receptacle paleaceous : — 



1. Male and female heads separate. Involucre of 



female capsule-like, 2-celled. Leaves alternate 20. Xanfhium. 



2. Male and female ht'ads not separate :— 



(I. Leaves alternate, pinnatifld or pinnatisect 

 (rarely knver o])p. in 32) : — 



i. Heads compound 14. AthroUinu. 



ii. Heads simjjle : — 



Pappus of 2 smooth stiff awns . . . 32. Gloxfocardia . 



Pappus of 2 retrorsely scabrid bi'istles . 31. Glossogyue. 



Pappus a minute rim 33. Chrytanthellum. 



h. Leaves opposite or upper only alternate: — 

 i. Lower leaves pinnatisect or 1-2-pinnate : — 



* Pappus of 2 awns :— 



Ligules white or yellowLsh. Frt. not 



beaked 29, Bidens. 



Ligules ro.sy or orange. Fruit beaked 



if white t)r yellow ..... 30, Cosmos, 

 ** Pappus of feathery scales . .34. Tridax. 



ii. Leaves entire, serrate or crenate : — 



* Inner invol. bi-acfs and often the pales 



embracing the flowers:— 

 Outer invol. bracts 5 spreading, glan- 

 dular 21. Siegesbechia. 



Outer invol. bracts 4, broad, not glan- 

 dular 22. Enhydra. 



** Inner invol. bracts not embracing the 

 flowers but pales of recept. embracing 

 the fls. : — 



! Small or m.s. herbs with heads under 

 2" diam : — 

 Ligules small white .... 24. BhdncUha. 

 Ligules small yellow. Receptacle 



elongate 26, Spilanthe*. 



Ligules yellow. Receptacle not elon- 

 gate 25. Wedelia. 



! ! Large herbs with heads over 2" diam. 

 (Sunflowers; : — 

 Fls. usually yellow, peduncle not 

 clavate ...... 28. Heliunthur. 



4.')8 



