1. Vernonia.] 78. COMPOSITE. 



serrate leaves 3-7" long by 1-2 lo" broad, and i^iirple heads clustered 

 at the ends of the branchlets often in considerable panicles, some- 

 times and in yoiing plants only at the top of the main stem, when it 

 somewhat resembles the last species. Involucre •4-*5" long, outer 

 bracts not at all squarrose, outer shorter ones sometimes lanceolate 

 but inner linear-oblong obtuse or subacute, the midrib ending in a 

 very short awn. Fruits •12-- 14", truncate silky between the 8-10 

 ribs. Papjjiis brownish-white, outer shorter hairs often 0. 



Waste g-round and open scrub junq-les, Central and Sonthern areas, frequent ! 

 Very common on the trap hills of the Santal Parganas ! Common at Neterhat 

 3000 ft. Fl. Sejit.-Feb. and sometimes also in h.s. 



Stems more or less striate and hairy. L. scabrid above, usually hispid on the 

 nerves beneath, base tapering, petiole'sometimes -3". Bracts often red at the ends. 



The plant is often handsome when well grown. The leaves are ground up in 

 water and the mixture drunk for cholera in iSambalpur. 



3. B. divergens, Benih. Bara pathol, 8. 



A stout perennial 4—8 ft. high. Leaves distinctly petioled, elliptic 

 oblanceolate or obovate, serrate, hispiduloiis above, hispid-pubescent 

 beneath, 3-7". Heads much smaller than in the preceding, -25" long, 

 or with the flowers '4" long, crowded in large corjanbose panicles at 

 the top of the stems. Involucral lii*acts rather f oav, outer short, inner 

 oblong obtuse with a short pointed mucro scarcely awned. Fruit 

 glabrous pale brown truncate about 8-10-ribbed, •07"-*08" with 

 pappus i-eddish or white "2" long, outer short scales 0. 



Usually in the damper districts or on high hills. Korcho Hill. S.P. ! Neterhat, 

 3000 ft.! Pa ra snath, 4000 ft. ! Kalahandi', Cooyjej- ! Fl. Dec- Jan. Fr. Feb.-May. 



Stems ridged, jiubescent. Petiole "2-1" long. Under-surface of leaves with 

 minute glistening glands. Heads narrowly campanulate. 



4. Y. anthelmintica, Willd. Syn. Centratherum anthelminticum, 



0. Kimtz ; Saoraj, 8. 

 A coarse annual 2-7 ft. high with coarsely dentate or serrate 

 elliptic or obovate, more rarely lanceolate, leaves attenuate at the 

 base into a short petiole, lower often 8" by 3", upper gradually 

 smaller and more lanceolate. Heads stout with a stout peduncle -4-2" 

 long, often svib-corymbose, oblong •6-"7" long (they are iisually des- 

 cribed as ■o-'75" broad but this is only the case with dried specimens). 

 Involucre •4--5" long, oiiter linear-oblong constricted beneath the 

 free green or coloured dilated tips. Fruit 15" long truncate black 

 somewhat dilated upwards, ribbed and hairy, outer pappus of linear 

 chafpy scales, inner •2-*25" long of hispid hairs. 



Usually in shade in village topes. Frequent in Clhota Nagpur and S.P. ! 

 Probably also in other districts. Fl. Sept.-Dec. Fr. Nov. -Jan. 



Stems as thick as the thumb below shortl.y pubescent or puberulons, paniculately 

 branched above, branches ridged or striate puliescent or tomentose. Leaves 

 rather membranous acuminate. " Involucral bracts frequently with spreading tips. 

 Flowers with slender tube "S-'S ' dilated above into a 5-6-lobed limb. Anthers 

 tailed or acutely sagittate. Longer pap])us hairs caducous, scales persistent. 



The .seeds are highly reputed as a vermifuge. They are also used in conjunction 

 with other medicines for leucoderma (Nadknrni). 



5. Y. cinerea, Less. Jhurjhuri, S. ; Barangom, S. {teste Campbell). 

 An erect or somewhat decumbent branched herb 8" to 3 ft. high 



with slender ribbed hairy stems and often hoary-tomentose branches. 



4G0 



