4. Gnaphalium.] 78. COMPOSITE. 



15. GNAPHALIUM, L. 



Hoary or woolly or green but cottony herbs with alt. entire leaves 

 and small heads in terminal or axillary corymbs or fascicles, heterog.^ 

 disciform. Outer fls. fern, filiform, 3-4-toothed, centre fls. fewer 

 slender with 5-toothed limb. Invol. ovoid or campanulate with many- 

 seriate scarious bracts sometimes Avhite, yellow or broAvn. Recept. 

 naked or pitted. Anther cells with slender tails. Style arms of 

 hei-m, fl. truncate or capitate. Cypsele oblong- or obovoid not ribbed. 

 Pappus hairs 1-seriate, caducous. 



A. Heads in leafless corymbose clusters 1. luteo-alhitm. 



B. Heads clustered, often leafy, never cor.ymbose : — 



1. Clusters nuiuei'ous. axillary and terminal : — 



a. Clusters often becoming- spicate at the ends of the branches : — 



Hds. usually spicate under "l" long-. Pappus hairs free . 2. Uidicum. 

 Hds. over "i" long-. Pappus hairs united at base . . . 'A. pitrpureum. 



h. Clusters very numerous small rounded, never spicate. 



Densely woolly. Leaves under "o" long .... ^. imlchiafum, 



2. Clusters yellow subsolitary terminal subtended l>y short 



leaves. Heads minute 5. flaccidnm. 



1. G. luteo-album, L. 



A woolly herb branched from the root with branches 4-12" long, 

 the central usiially erect, often corymbosely branched above. Leaves 

 1-2-7" long oblong-spathulate or oblong-oblanceolate or upper linear- 

 oblong, woolly on both surfaces, half-amplexicaul. Heads pretty, 

 glistening golden-yellow, brown or whitish in dense terminal corymbs. 

 Invol. bracts oblong obtuse. Cypsele tubercled or Avith minute 

 curved bristles. 



Damp places, near rivers, etc. Nepal border, Kxrz ! Behar. J.D.ll. ! Ranchi,. 

 Wood [ Singbhum, frequent! Fl., Fr. h.s. 



The variety with golden-yellow heads and many stems is called var. mulfi' cpa. 

 The commoner one with pale-brown heads, found probably in all districts, is 

 called yav. jmUidiiiii (Syji. G. paUidatn, Ham.). 



2. G. indicum, L. 



A woolly or softly cottony herb Avith man}- stems spreading from the- 

 root or central one erect 4—8" long. Leaves narrowly oblong or linear- 

 obovate or spathulate apiculate 'S-'S" in some forms, up to 2'5" in 

 another form. Heads 1" long or less in axillary clusters from the 

 upper leaves and forming terminal spikes. Invol. bracts erect linear- 

 oblong or outer oA'ate-lanceolate, acute or obtuse, iisually green 

 below and shining yelloAv- brown above (Avhich gives the colour to 

 the head), longer ones '08 -09". Herm. corolla •Oij-'OO". Cypsele 

 minutely hispidulous. Pappus hairs free. 



In rice fields, damp sands of river-beds, etc., throughout the area ! Yevy common.. 

 Fl., Fr. c s. 



There appear to be two rather distinct forms: — 



Var. a. Very woolly. LeaA-es under 1" long. Spike elongated. 

 Var. /3. LessAvooUy. Leaves up to 2"5". Clusters more axillary. This passes into 

 O. pii)'pi(rei>m. 



3. G. purpureum, L. 



A herb, less cottony or woolly than the last Avith ascending stems 

 6-12" high and narrowly spathulate leaA^es 1 -2o" or {teste F.B.I.} 



474 



