30. Cosmos.] 78. COMPOSIT.E. 



30. COSMOS, Car. 

 Herbs often with showy floAvers closely allied to Bidens and dis- 

 tinguished from that genus by the purple or rosy neuter ray flowers, 

 more rarely white or yellow, and the beaked cypseles which ai'e very 

 elongated when ripe. An American genus. 



A. Leaf segments not filiform :— 



Flowers rosy, pink or purple 1. caudafus. 



Flowers yellow 2. mlphiireus. 



B. Leaf segments filiform. Flowers bright red or purple . . .3. hipinnatiis, 



1. C. caudatus, H.B.K. 



A herb 1-3 ft. high with pinnate leaves, the pinnae pinnatifid and 

 cut, ultimate lobes lanceolate or oblanceolate, very acute. Flowers 

 of ray mostly pink, ligule faintly 3-toothed, the central florets yellow. 

 Outer invol. bracts with hisj^id mai-gins. Cypsele very slender with 

 a beak as long as itself, together 1-2" long, beak hispid with two 

 slender awns. 



Semi-wild in the Santal Parganas. FL, Fr. c.s. 



Branches sulcate glabrous or with few hairs, peduncles puberulous. 



2. C. sulphureus, Cav. 



A rather coarse herb, 2-3 or sometimes 5 ft. high with sulcate hairy 

 stems. Leaves much as in last with pinnules decurrent ovate acute, 

 or ultimate longer and lanceolate. Invol. bracts of both series 8 

 (as in last), lanceolate acute, outer series spreading shorter (Cavanille's 

 fig. shows them subequal, specimens at Kew much shorter !). Corolla 

 deep yellow, ray fls. 8 with sharply 3-toothed ligules. Cypsele as 

 in last. 



Native of Mexico. Common in gardens and often running wild. The last 

 described plant may belong to C. sulphureus, as the outer bracts are much smaller 

 than the inner, whereas in true C. caudatus they are a little longer ! 



3. C. bipinnatus, Cav, The well-known garden plant with finely divided foliage 



and pink, purple or white flowers. 



31. GLOSSOGYNE, Cass. 

 Perennial herbs with leaves chiefly from the rootstock and only a 

 few alternate ones on the stems. Leaves usually 1-2-pinnatifid. 

 Closely allied to Bidens, from which it chiefly differs in the long 

 subulate acute papillose stigmas or style-arms.* The outer invol. 

 bracts are only slightly connate at the base. Ray fls. female or neuter. 

 Cypsele with 2 retrorsely hispid awns, truncate. 



1. G. pinnatifida, DC. 



A herb Avith numerous stems from a very woody rootstock and 

 sub-pinnate or twice jDinnatifid leaves 1-3" long with linear or linear- 

 cuneate acute segments. Flowering stems 4-10" high, nearly naked, 

 cymosely branched, heads terminal, -2" long and broad in flower, 



* Under a high magnification the style arms themselves are seen to be very- 

 short and glabrous, and these stigmas are therefore usually described as appendages 

 to the style arms. In Bidens the "appendages are" very short oblong with 

 rounded tip and papillose on the edges. 



484 



