89. APOCYNACE^. [15. Vallaris. 



Corolla salver-shaped with short cylindric or globose tube and naked 

 throat, lobes overlapping* to the rig-ht. Filaments often twisted, 

 anthers half exsert, acute, conniving- over and adhering to the stigma, 

 cells spurred and empty at base. Disc of 5 lobes or scales. Carpels 

 connate, style-top dilated, trmicate, stigma columnar or elongate 

 conical, ovules many. Fruit of 2 connate follicles tardily separating 

 when quite ripe. Seeds linear or oblong, tip narrowed and penicillate, 

 albumen scanty, cotyledons linear-oblong, flat. 



1. P. spiralis, Wall. 



A twiner with elliptic or oblong-lanceolate glabrous leaves 2-5" 

 long and greenish flowers in lateral rather close corymbose cymes 

 2-3-5" diam. Fruiting carpels forming a grooved poniard-shaped 

 follicle 5-6" long and 'o" diam. at base. 



Mahanacli delta, Cuttack ! Fl., Fr. practically all the year. Evergreen. 



Leaves with cuueate to rounded or sub-cordate base, shortly acuminate, sec. n. 

 i-O rather hue looping within the margin, petiole "S-'S", interpetiolar glands on the 

 stipular line subulate. Cymes including the stout peduncle about as long as broad. 

 Calyx -lo", sepals ovate thick. Corolla-tube exceeding the calyx, petals erecto- 

 patent 17" Unear lanceolate or linear-oblong. Anther sagittate lanceolate "IS" 

 long. Seed "75" glabrous. 



The plant much resembles an Asclepiad in fruit, 



15. YALLARIS, Burm. 



Twining shrubs with opposite, pellucid, pu.nctulate leaves and 

 white mod. -sized flowers in lateral or subterminal cymes or fascicles. 

 Calyx 5-partite, glandular or not within, sepals narrow. Corolla 

 salver-shaped with short tube and naked throat, petals broad, over- 

 lapping to right. Stamens at top of tube with exserted anthers 

 adhering to the stigma, cells with rigid basal spurs, connective with 

 a large dorsal gland. Disc various. Carpels connate, many-ovuled, 

 style pubescent, obscurely annulate at top, stigma thick conical. 

 Fruit of 2 connate follicles tardily dehiscent when ripe (" at length 

 separating," F.B.I., but I have never seen them separate). Seeds 

 2-seriate, ovate, acuminate or beaked, compi'essed, tip comose, albumen 

 scanty. Cotyledons fiat, thin. 



1. Y. Heynei, Spreng. Adaka red, Adatta red, Kukur-botur, A'. 



Stems light grey cord-like tough lenticellate. Leaves oblong elliptic 

 acuminate, nearly giabroxis, 1"5" by '6" to 4" by 1'5". Cymes of 

 white flowers, pretty, usually subcorymbose, 2-3" diam. Sepals 

 lanceolate •17" Corolla -S-S" diam. with tube only -1" long, 

 and broad rounded petals. Disc fleshy, annular. Fruit 6" by 1-5" 

 diam., terete, subtruncate at the base, tapering above the middle to a 

 blunt apex. 



N. Champaran ! Chota Nagpur, valleys in Hazaribagh and Singbhum ! Palamau, 

 Wood [ Gangpur! Mayurbhanj, in valleys! Fl. April-May. Fr. Nov.-Jan. New 

 leaves in March of a light bright green. 



L. rather membranous with 5-9 arching fine but distinct sec. n., base acute or 

 obtuse somewhat decurrent on the "S-'5" petiole. 



Bark very bitter and astringent, chewed by the Kols for fixing loose teeth, 

 " When suspended from the roof on a certain day in June it is believed to keep 

 awaj' snakes during the rains." JRev. Thompson. 



543 



