1. BuDDLEiA.] 91. LOGANIACE^. 



panicled. Capsule reflexed oblong 'IT-^" long crowded on drooping 

 panicled racemes 4-6" long and supported by the persistent calyx. 



Frequent in Champaran and Purneah ! Occasional elsewhere near streams and 

 in ravines. Singbhum ! Santal Parg. ! Manbhum. Camp.\ Palamau, ascending 

 to Neterhat, 3000 ft ! Parasnath, Train ! Fl. Dec.-Feb. Fr. Feb.-March. Ever- 

 green. 



Leaves narrowed at the base into a short petiole. Spikes 3-6". The flowers in 

 the Central area are usually very small and do not attain 'lo" except in a specimen 

 from near the Soane River. Anthers subsessile. Stigma clavate. Seeds very 

 minute linear or ellipsoid, brown. 



Exotic species of Buddleia are often seen in gardens, especially 

 B. madagascariensis. Lam., with yellow flowers. 



2. STRYCHNOS, L. 



Erect or scandent trees or shrubs with palmately- or penni-nerved 

 opposite leaves with stipular lines between the petiole-bases. Flowers 

 4-5-merous in terminal or lateral cymes with small bracts. Calyx 

 small, lobed. Corolla salver- shaped, campanulate, or rotate, lobes 

 valvate. Ovary 2-celled or 1-celled above, style usiially long, stigma 

 capitate or 2-lobed. Ovules many. Fruit baccate, 1-many seeded, 

 sometimes with coriaceous or Avoody pericarp. Seeds globose, discoid 

 or oblong with horny albumen and small embryo. 



The scandent species do not occur in our area ; they bear axillarj' tendrils. 

 Corolla-tube '2". Leaves palmi-nerved, petiole "S-'S" . . .1. nux-vomica. 

 Cor.-tube 'Vl-'lT'. L. palmi- or penni-nerved. Petiole under "2" . 2. potatorum. 



1. S. nux-Yomica, L. Kochila, Beng., Or. ; The Strychnine tree. 



A large, handsome or, on poor soils, often a small tree, with ovate 

 or svib-orbicular shining leaves 2-4" long with three strong and two 

 weaker nerves from close to the base and petiole -'S-o" long. Flowers 

 white or greenish- white tvibular or salver-shaped with short lobes, 

 in short peduncled cymes mostly at the ends of short branchlets. 

 Fruit globose bright orange 1-2" diam. The discoid satiny seeds are 

 surrounded by a white intensely bitter pulp. 



Very common, chiefly as a small tree, on the laterite of Puri ! Along the banks 

 of the Mahanadi, in high forests, Angul ! Rather common in Daspalla, Nayagarh 

 and Narsingpur States but grows less common in the more northerly Orissa States, 

 Cooper. Occasional in Chota Kagpur, but always near villages and probably not 

 indigenous! Often planted. Fl. March- April. Fr. Dec-Jan. Nearly or quite 

 evergreen, new leaves in March. 



Bark smooth, gvej. L. very obtuse or rounded ; rounded at base, or suddenly 

 acute on the petiole. Cymes minutely pubescent, peduncles 'S-l" long. Fls. 

 •27-*3" long when the lobes are erect, calyx very .small, corolla-tube ■2--25" long, 

 throat glaVjrous. Stigma entire. Seeds several "o" diam. often depressed in centre. 



The dried ripe seeds are the Nux-vomica of the British Pharmacopoeia. Merely 

 powdered they are a valuable tonic and largely used as a tonic for horses, which eat 

 it if mixed with their food. They are the chief source of strychnine. The pulp is 

 apparently eaten by some animals and birds and small quantities appear to be harm- 

 less to man. but it is intensely bitter. Gamble and Brandis state that the wood is bitter 

 and not eaten by white ants ! The weight is given as 54 lbs. The seeds germinate 

 about August and the growth of two plants sown by me averaged 24 ft. in height 

 and 19" girth after IG years. These were, however, watered when young. The 

 seedlings have palmately 7-nerved sessile first leaves (or cotyledons?) "i-2" long. 



2. S. potatorum, L.f. Nirmali, H. ; Koyar, Or. ; Kotaka, Or. j The 



Clearing Nut. 



A small densely branched tree with blackish cracked bark and 



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