14. ToRENiA.] 98. SCROPHULARIACE^. 



•25-*3" in flower, 'S-'S'' in fruit, wings on calyx with often a cordate 

 base. Pedicels angled, but not winged by the decurrent calyx. 



Damp shady places, common. Fl., Fr. Aug. -Dec. Chota Nagpur, all districts ! 

 Fl., Fr. Aug.-Dec. 



Nervation of lea%'es as in the last, Avith aboiit 3-5 i-ather strong oblique sec. n. 

 giving out short branches to the teeth, usiially puljerulous beneath. Flowers 

 sometimes very small, only *25" Avide, at others much larger but smaller than in 

 the last, especially the calyx. Fruiting pedicels *5 to '8" spreading and deflexed. 



T. Fournieri, Linden, is a pretty species with blue flowers with dark purple 

 patches and broadly Avinged calyx often cultivated in gardens. A native of Cochin 

 China. 



15. YANDELLIA, L., Mant. (1767). 

 (Inc. Bonnaya, Link.*) 

 Usually small annual herbs growing in moist places. Leaves penni- 

 nerved. t'lowers small, axillary or racemed, ebracteolate. Sepals 

 free or connate, sometimes sharply angled or keeled, but not winged. 

 Corolla with erect short broad concave notched or 2-fid upper lip and 

 broader spreading 3-lobed lower lip. Stamens 4 perfect or 2 reduced 

 to staminodes, anterior when perfect with sharply curved fila- 

 ments, often appendaged, anthers touching or cohering in pairs, 

 cells divaricate. Stigma 2-lamellate. Capsule septicidal, short or 

 elongate, valves separating from the placentiferous septum. Seeds 

 rugose or granulate. 

 1. Calyx, at least in flower, only lobed one-third its length or 

 less. Pedicels often sub-umbellate : — 

 Flowers large. Calj-x •2-'32". Whole plant hairy . . .1. stemonoides. 

 Flowers small. Calj-x "I-'IG". Glabrous or hirtellous . . 2. cru^^tacea. 

 II. Calyx lobed three-fourths the way down or more. Pedicels 

 axillary or racemose, never sub-umbellate :— 



A. Capsule not or scarcely longer than the calyx, ovate, 



oblong obtuse or orbicular : — 

 Hispid all over. L. •■i-'8". Pedicels cajDillary, not racemose 3. xcalra. 

 Sparsely hairy. L. ■5-2". Flowers racemose . , .4. hirsuta. 

 Glabrous. L. ■5-l*2". Flowers racemose . . . .5. multifiora, 



B. Capsule much longer than the calyx, ellipsoid or lineai'- 



lanceolate, acute :— 

 1. Capsule under '25". Sepals connate at base : — 



L. sub-orbicular, crenate-dentate. Fls. sessile and 



pedicelled 6. sessiliflora. 



* The genus Ta7ideUia (Gev. Plavt., ed. Schreb., n. 1040) has been sunk in 

 Lindernia {Gen. Plant., ed. Schreb.. n. 1031) in the Kat. Pftanz.Fam. and in the 

 Flora of Tro))ical Africa. The genus Bonnaya diifers from Vandellia as defined in 

 the Genera Pluntarum of Benth. and Hooker onlj- by two of the stamens not bearing 

 fertile anthers. But in view of the following considerations the separation of these 

 two genera on this character alone appears to me artificial and untenable. In T'. 

 molluginoides. Hooker found in some specimens 2 filiform staminodes hooked near 

 the top, and I have a specimen of T'. crudacea in which the two ante'rior filaments 

 appear to be without anthers. Some species of Vandellia can only be separated 

 from species of Bonnaya by this one sexual character, e.g. forms of T". angudifoUa 

 and T'. verlencefolia. Finally the character of the barren stamens themselves 

 differs and shows transitional stages. In Bonnaya verbenaefolia the anterior stamens, 

 in some specimens bear anthers but these are small and un'fertile. In B. veroniccEfolia 

 there are no anthers, but the filaments are long and curved or hooked as in the case 

 of some I'andellia molluginoidea. In Bonnaya hrachiata the barren stamens are- 

 short pubescent scales. 1 have therefore united the two genera, but transferred 

 Vandellia erectu [pyxidaria] to Ilysanthes as suggested by Sir J. D. Hooker. But 

 Vandellia erecta (= Lindernia pyxidaria) was the type of Lindernia, Hence the 

 name " Illymnthus" must disappear and "Vandellia" be retained. This 

 arrangement has the incidental advantage of obviating many new combinations- 

 under Lindernia. 



630 



