3. Marttnia.] 103. PEDALIACE.^. 



and confluent anther- cells, the others reduced to staminodes of which 

 the 5th is very rudimentary. Ovary 1-locular with 2 parietal 

 placentae which are divided towards the middle of the cell into two 

 divaricate laminae with many ovules 1-seriate on each lamina. Fruit 

 obliquely ovoid, drupaceous with the pericarp finally dehiscent and 

 falling, leaving a crustaceous sculptured endocarp with 2 sharp 

 curved apical spines and a central channel opening between the 

 spines. 



1. M. diandra, Glox. Bilai sarsar, K. ; Devil's Claw. 



A handsome stout clammy-pubescent herb 3-4 ft. high with 

 deltoid-ovate cordate-based sinuate-dentate leaves attaining 6-9" 

 each way and terminal erect racemes 3-4" long of drooping pink and 

 dark pvirple foxglove-shaped flowers 2' 5" long. 



In all districts, now thoroughly naturalised ! Fl. r.s., Fr. r.s. and c.s. Native of 

 Mexico. 



Leaves sometimes broader than long. Corolla glandular-hairy with very oblique 

 mouth ; lobes unequal, anterior transversely orbicular oblong, 1" wide, lateral semi- 

 orbicular smaller, upper lip somewhat reflexed 2-lobed, anterior surface of corolla 

 within yellow speckled, lobes with a deep purple blotch. 



FAM. 104. ACANTHACEiE. 



Shrubs or herbs with opposite* exstipulate simple leaves, often 

 entire, in many genera furnished with linear cystoliths which appear 

 as translucent marks in the fresh leaves and as small raised lines 

 (leaves lineolate) in the dried leaves. Flowers zygomorphous, rarely 

 solitary, usually bracteate and bracteolate. Calyx 5-partite, rarely 

 (Thunhergia) of several small teeth. Corolla lipped or subequally 

 5-lobed, lobes imbricate or twisted in bud. Stamens 4 or 2, inserted 

 on the corolla-tube ; anthers 2- or 1 -celled, cells sometimes remote or 

 superposed, pollen of very various form and sculpture.f Disc usually 

 conspicuous. Ovary superior, usually elongate, always 2-celled, style 

 filiform, stigma simple or 2-fid (or style shortly 2-branched). Ovules 

 1-many in each cell, if more than 1 then superposed except in 

 ^Thunhergia, anatropous. Capsule loculicidal, valves often elastically 

 recurved and placentae sometimes rising elastically from the base 

 when ripe. Seeds usually seated on the hardened curved funicles 

 {retinacula) which are frequently pi'oduced beyond the hilum into an 

 acute tip, ovoid or orbiculo-compressed, often clothed with elastic 

 hairs Avhich spread out when wetted (hygroscopic). Albumen (exc. 

 in the Nelsoniese). 



The venation is normally of several fine somewhat curved sec. n. not reaching 

 but upcurved within the margin, raised beneath, connected by numerous finer 



* Leaves alternate in Elytraria and some 5fa?(ro^y?ie, sometimes unequal with 

 the smaller leaf rarely suppressed in a few other genera. 



•f The form and sculpture of the pollen grains is often indicative of tribes and 

 genera. They are used iu classification by Lindau (Nat. PJlanz, Fam.), but are 

 difficult to describe briefly and are therefore not used here. 



662 



