104. ACANTHACE^. 



nearly straight tertiaries. Glands in the leaf, other than glandular hairs, are verj 

 rare. Sessile glands occur in Cardanfhera among our species. In germination the 

 epigeal cotyledons are usually ver3- well developed, usually broad and rounded and 

 with basal nerves, base sometimes cordate, petiole present where obsei'ved. 



I. Cystoliths 0. Seeds not laterally compressed, on papilla? 

 (1 to 4) :- 



A. Calyx truncate or with several minute teeth. Ovules 



2 collateral in each cell:— 

 Usuallj' scandent with palmate venation (exc. T. 

 erecta) 1. Thnnhergia. 



B. Calyx 4-5- partite. Flowers in bracteate spikes. Ovules 



6-10, superposed : — 



1. Stamens 2 : — 



Spikes slender. Bracteoles small .... 2. Tuhiflora 



(Elyfraria). 

 Spikes ovoid or cylindrical. Bracteoles 0. Sepals 4 3. Nehonia, 



2. Stamens 4. Ovules very many in each cell . . 4. Staiirogyne 



{Ebermaiera). 

 II. Cystoliths often present (leaves lineolate). Seeds laterally 

 compressed on retinacula (exc. Cardanfhera) (5 to end): — 

 A. Corolla-limb 2-lipped or lobes 5 subequal. Lobes 

 twisted in bud (Nos. 5-15) : — 



1. Corolla distinctly 21ipped. Ovules many in each 



cell. Flowers in axillary dense cymes or clusters 

 or whorls : — 

 rt. Glandular herb. Funicles blunt conical. Leaves 



often pinnatifid or toothed 5. Cardanthera. 



b. Leaves entire. Retinacula curved : — 



Not spinose. Capsule 8-40-seeded. . . .6. Hygrophilla. 

 Spinose. Capsule 2-8-seeded . . . .7. Asteracantha. 



2. Corolla sub-equally 5-lobed or 2 posterior lobes more 



connate : — 



a. Ovules 3-12 in each cell : — 



i. Calyx-lobes rounded. Stamens 2 exserted. 

 Cor.-lobes short rounded. Amei'ican shrubs 



or herbs Sanchezia{\).&J2,). 



ii. Calyx segments acute. Stamens didyna- 

 mous : — 

 f Flowers in axillarj- clusters or contracted 



cj-mes. Bracteoles small or . . 8. Hemigraphis. 



\\ Flowers large, solitarj- or few together 

 or cymose. 

 Bracteoles lai'ge foliaceous. Capsule 



clavate 9. Buellia 



{Dipteracanfhus) . 

 Bracteoles elongate, narrow. Capsule 



linear {Euruellia.) 



+1+ Flowers in elongate sympodial cymes. 



Bracteoles minute subulate or . . 10. Echinacanthus. 



b. Ovules 2 in each cell :— 



i. Cor. tubular-ventrieose. St. 4 (exc. one section 

 of Sfrobilanthes) : — 

 t Fls. small (under '8" long), somewhat 



2-lipped 11. Dgschorisfe. 



tt Fls. large or mod.-sized (over •Belong) :— 

 Bracteoles very large, reticulate. Anthers 



spurred . t 12. Pefalidium, 



Bracteoles linear or (in our species). 



Anthers muticous 13. Sfrobilantkes. 



ii. Corolla Avith very slender tube scarcely widened 

 above : — 

 Stamens 2, Spikes not secund, often corym- 

 bose 14. Bcedal acanthus. 



Stamens 4. Fls. clustered between pairs of 



bracts in secund spikes 15. Micranthus 



{Phaylopsis). 



663 



