122. ULMACE^. [3. Trema. 



Rocky ravines, Angul ! Fr. (young) March-April. Evergreen, renewing leaves 

 in March. 



Possibly only a form of the last. The drupes in my specimens are not ripe. 

 The larger leaves may be due to the moist warm locality, but the venation is 

 different. 



3. TREMA, Lour. 



Usually small trees with the leaves serrate, 3-7-basal-nerv6d and 

 often oblique. Stipules lateral caducous. Flowers small green, 

 dioecious, 1 -sexual or polygamous in axillary cymes. Tepals 4-5, 

 induplicate-valvate or subimbricate. Pistillode in M. or small. 

 Style in herm. or fern. 2-fid or stigmas 2. Drupe small seated on 

 the persistent perianth. Albumen fleshy. Embryo curved or in- 

 volute, cotyledons narrow, radicle upcurved, incumbent. 

 L. silky beneath, base oblique, mostly 3-nerved. Twigs 



adpressed-pubescent. Cymes lax .1. orientals. 



L. tomentose or silky beneath, base oblique, mostly 3-nerved. 



Twigs with spreading pubescence. Cymes dense . . . var. amhoinensis. 

 L. scabrid beneath, base sub-regular, 5-nerved . . . .2. politoria, 



1. T. orientalis, Bl. Syn. Celtis orientalis, L. ; Chaur, Th. ; Jhawar, 



S. ; Roronga, K. ; Rukni, Kharw. ; Kokoara, Mai. P. ; Kharkas, 

 Or. 



A small tree rarely over 35 ft. high in our area, with the trunk 

 ringed with stipular scars. Branchlets with dense silky pubescence. 

 Leaves ovate -lanceolate or lanceolate caudate 3-6" long, mostly very 

 oblique at the base, more or less white or silvery beneath with fine 

 silky hairs, scabrid or nearly smooth above, serrulate. Dioecious 

 wherever I have seen it. M. cyme usually dense but sometimes lax 

 and branched and up to 1-2" long, tepals narrow oblong concave, 

 torus woolly, pistillode obovoid. Fem. cymes usually lax, tepals flat, 

 stigmas remote, tongue-shaped, papillose. Drupe yellow -17" long. 



Chiefly in the Northern Area, along streams in the forests in the Central Area, 

 rare in the Southern. Purneah, common ! Champaran ! Santal Parg. ! Gaya 

 Ohats, rare ! Chota Nagpur, not common, all districts ! Pari ! Fl. Dec- Jan. and 

 April-May, Fr, Dec. (perhaps from the May flowering) and isi'obably at other 

 limes, or perhaps FL, Fr. Nov. -May. Evergreen. 



Attains 5 ft. girth. Bark smooth white or pale, blaze deep red streaked. Leaf 

 ■with usually 3 principal nerves, midrib with 2-5 strong oblique sec. n., tertiaries 

 fine scalariform. Petiole •2-*o". Cymes bracteate, M. •\i-"i". Fem. about as long' 

 but laxer. 



Var. amboinensis. Syn. T. amboinensis, Blume. 



There are two specimens named T. amboinensis in the Calcutta herbarium from 

 ■our area, one from Manbhum and one from Parasuath, and I have also collected a 

 .similar one from Parasnath. They only differ from T. orientalis by the denser 

 more spreading pubescence and denser male cj'mes. Another specimen collected 

 t)y me in the Saranda Forests can be distinguished from the type hy the beautiful 

 whiteness of the leaves beneath (normal T. orientalis is silvery green), shaggy 

 pubescence and the nervation often red. 



The growth is very fast. 



2. T. politoria, Planch. Kaksi (from the rough leaves), K. ; Gar-Tila, 



Kharw. ; Kharkas, Or. Also the same vernacular names as for 

 T. orientalis. 

 A small tree attaining about 25 ft. in height with pubescent twigs, 

 stiff oblong or oblong-lanceolate or some ovate-lanceolate leaves 2-3-7" 



809 



