3. Tbema.] 122. ULMACE^. 



long, scabrid both sides and also hispid on the nerves beneath and 

 with sparse short hairs above, obtuse acute or shortly acuminate, 

 base nearly regular rounded or shallowly cordate, serrulate. Dioecious^ 

 M. cymes shorter than or longer than the petioles up to -5", torus woolly 

 or villous. Fem. cymes laxer with divaricate branches •4--5". 



Often on landslips, near roadside embankments, etc., apparently througlioiit the 

 province, locally gregarious and short-lived. Champaran, in the hills ! Santal 

 Parg., frequent ! Chota Nagpur. all districts, esp. along hill roads! Bonai, 

 Cooper ! Sambalpur ! Kalahandi ! In this species also there appear to be twa 

 flowering seasons, viz. Aug.-Sept. and April-May. Evergreen. 



Attains 2-3 ft. girth only. I^eaves with 5 basal nerves, midrib with 4-7 sec. n., 

 tertiaries fine, reticulations not raised beneath, dots (due to cystoliths) usually easily 

 visible both sides. Petiole •1-S". Stipules subulate "S-i", Cymes bracteate. 

 Tepals oblong to linear, hispid, ciliate and dotted. Drupes much as in T. orieutalis. 



The rough leaves are sometimes used for polishing wood. The fruits are made 

 into an acid jam. 



FAM. 123. CANNABINACEiE. 



Shrubs or herbs, sometimes climbing, without milky juice, often 

 secreting aromatic resins. Leaves opposite and alternate palmately 

 nerved or palmately compound, with free persistent stipules. Flowers 

 dioecious. Males in a dichasium or panicle of dichasial cymes 

 passing into scorpioid cymes, perianth 5-tepalous, tepals imbricate, 

 filaments straight in bud. Pistillode 0. Female flowers in very 

 contracted cymes or heads with large bracts, perianth entire reduced. 

 Ovary 2-carpellary, 1 -celled, with 2 large feathery stigmas. Ovule 

 1, pendulous anatropous. Fruit an achene. Embryo curved or 

 spiral. Albumen present or 0. 



1. CANNABIS, Tournef. Hemp. 



Erect, with the lower leaves usually opposite and upper alternate, 

 palmate, serrate. Male flowers in short pendulous cymose panicles ; 

 female crowded with leafy bracts, ultimate convolute, perianth hyaline 

 embracing the ovary or suppressed. Style arms 2, filiform, caducous. 

 Achene compressed, crustaceous. Seed flattened, albumen unilateral 

 fleshy. Embryo curved, cotyledons broad thick subequal, radicle 

 upcurved incumbent. 



1. C. sativa, L. Ganja, Bhang, Charas, Siddhi, Vern (see below). 



An annual, smelling, scarcely branched herb of very variable height 

 but usually 3-5 ft. in its feral state, the female plant being generally 

 supposed to grow taller than the male. Leaves 3-8" diam., upper 

 3-1-foliolate passing into bracts, lower 3-8-foliolate with long petioles. 

 Convolute bracts -08" long with oblique mouth much longer than 

 the ovary and its investing hyaline perianth, accrescent and -2" in fruit. 



Frequently growing subgregariously in Singbhum ! Maj'urbhanj ! and other 

 districts. Sometimes cultivated in Chota Nagpur and Pui'i. Native of temj^erate 

 Asia (De CandoUe). 



Fl., Fr. c.s. 



This plant is the source of the true Hemp fibre (as distinct from Sun hemp,. 

 Manila hemp, Sisal hemp, etc) but it is not grown for its fibre in our area. 

 Indeed the fibre is not of value in tropical and subtropical countries, whereas the 

 narcotic resiu is but little developed in colder climates. According to Nadkarni 



810 



