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eaten ihcir way from 1 to i inch under the bark from point of entrance 

 and had gone into winter quarters. 



Probably the most destructive bark borer known in this State is the 

 Phloeostnus dentatus Say. Its attacks, so far as observed, — are confined to 

 the evergreens, — ^junipers and arbor vitcC. 



This insect was first noticed in SaUna the summer and fall of 1884, 

 attacking the junipers on the grounds of a number of the residents of the 

 city. They were then in great numbers, many trees having been entirely 

 destroyed, and others badly injured. The damage was done entirely by 

 the perfect beetle, no larvse having been observed. The injury was al- 

 most invariably confined to the base of the lateral offshoots of the branch- 

 es of the tree, the beede burrowing under the bark, and eating around 

 the base of the twig, causing its destruction. Every twig from the trunk 

 outward would be attacked, and a few burrows were also observed on the 

 stems or trunks of the trees themselves. No primary gallery of the per- 

 fect insect has been found to exceed three-quarters of an inch in length. 



1 have found no secondary or larval galleries. 



Packard, in his "Insects Injurious to Forest and Shade Trees" says 

 he has observed this insect as early as the ist of May. I have never ob- 

 served it making attacks earlier than the 1st of September, continuing 

 until the latter part of October. 



The attacks of this insect are made on healthy trees, and I have 

 .seen no less than fifteen cedars entirely killed in the Public Square of 

 Clay Center, Kansas, that would average six inches in diameter at the 

 base. This Scolytid is not a native, but has been introduced in cedar 

 posts brought to the lumber yards from Michigan and Arkansas. I have 

 examined posts from Arkansas which contained the perfect beetle, (but 

 dead), larvae, and pupas. When these pupae had completed their trans- 

 formations, cedars in close proximity to the lumber yard were at once 

 liable to attack. 



The primary gallery of this insect as examined in Arkansas cedars 

 is short and straight, being from 18 to 25 mm. in length, and 3 mm. in 

 width. The gallery widens at one end into a trilobed chamber twice as 

 wide as the main gallery. The number of lateral or secondary galleries 

 on each side varies from 1 5 to 60. These secondary galleries are from 



2 to I mm. in width, and those arising near the ends of the main gallery 

 are about 45 mm. in length; those arising near the middle are about one 

 half as long. 



The burrows are about one half in th*e wood and one half in the 

 bark. The secondary galleries rarely cross each other, and when they 

 do, it is owing to some inequality in the surface of the wood, or the 

 close proximity of the burrows. 



