ARTIFICIAL KEY XO THE FAMILIES. 69 



Flowers with a distinct perianth, which is usually composed of both calyx 

 and corolla, but in form irregular, i. e., the component pieces of dif- 

 ferent shapes and sizes. Stamens and pistils both present, either in 

 the same flower or in different flowers. 



1. No green leaves at any time ; their place supplied by 



scales. Stem simple TootJucort family, 213 



2. Leaves provided with tendrils. 



Leaves opposite ; stamens 4 or 2 Bignonia family, 240 



Leaves alternate. 



Leaves with stipules Pea family, 1G9 



Leaves without stipules Fumitory family, 148 



3. Leaves minutely subdivided and hung with little 



bladders. Plant growing in water Bladderwort, 277 



4. Leaves binate, trifoUolate, or pinnate, and with 



stipules Pea family, 109 



5. Leaves contracted into green thorns ; flowers 



yellow Furze, 170 



6. Flowers in compound vunbels, usually white Parsley family, 331 



7. Flowers in dense terminal umbellate clusters ; 



coroUa with a long and minute tube and spread- 

 ing limb ; stamens 4, didynamous Verbena family, 271 



8. Flowers with a beard like tuft projecting in front. 



Corolla closed Polygala, 150 



9. Flowers butterfly-shaped Pea family, 169 



10. Leaveslanceolate, powerfully lemon-scented; flowers 



white, minute, in panicles Lemon-plant, 270 



11. Not answering to any of the previous characters. 



A. — Leaves parallel-veined. 

 * 

 Veins of the leaves flowing from the midrib to the mar- 

 gin. (Hot-house plants.) 



Stamen solitary Ginger and Arrow-root 



families, 401 

 Stamens nearly or quite 6 Banana family, 407 



** 

 Veins of the leaves proceeding in curves from the base 

 to the apex. 

 Stamens and stigma consolidated; flower with a large 



pendulous lower lip Orchis family, 391 



Stamens and pistil distinct and unconnected. 



Stamens Alstrameria, 399 



Stamens 0. Flowers in unilateral racemes, red or 



yellow Gladiolus, 400 



