822 THE SCABIOUS FAMILY. 



HABITATS AND LOCALITIES. 

 1. Wild Teasel — [Dipsacus sylvestris.) 

 Dry places, by waysides, and on hedgebanks, very rare. Landside, 

 near Leigh, and near Astley. (J. E.) Near Ashley, 1858. Warrington. 

 (Mr. John Moss.) Fl. July. Biennial. 



Curtis, i. 154 ; E. B. xv. 1032; Baxter, vi. 490. 



2. FxTLLEEs' Teasel — {Dipsacus Fullonum.) 

 On the banks of the Irwell, near Clifton, but only a plant or two, 

 the seeds probably brought from some fuUing-mill further up the 

 river, (J. P.) Fl. July. Biennial. 



E. B. xxix. 2080. 

 The great brown prickly heads remain on the plant all through the winter, 

 rejected even by the thorn-munching ass. They are used in dressing woollen 

 cloth, and in some parts of England are raised in quantities. 



3. Shepherds' Rod — {Dipsacus pilosus.) 

 In thickets on the right bank of the Bollin, above Cotterill Clough. 

 (J. P.) Fl. August, September. Biennial. 



Curtis, i. 10 ; E. B. xiii. 877. 



4. Lilac Field ScABiotrs — {Knautia arvensis.) 

 Dry meadows and pastures, on railway slopes, the edges of corn- 

 fields, and by waysides, rather unusual. Abundant on the declivities 

 of Werneth Lowe, descending towards Hyde ; about Marple and Disley, 

 and on Cobden Edge, above Strines. Sparingly about Bowdon, Ashley, 

 Prestwich, Eccles, and Alderley. Fl. June, July. 



Curtis, ii. 230; E. B. x. C5!3 (both as Scahiosa arvensis) ; Baxter, iii. 179. 

 This beautiful wild-flower accompanies the great ox-eye daisy in its bloom, and 

 is a charming ornament of the edges of hayfields till swept away by the mower. 

 It is remarkable as shewing the gradual transition from undivided to pinnatifid 

 leaves. A white variety has been gathered at Alderley. 



5. PuKPLE Autumn Scabious — {Scabiosa succisa.) 

 Dry pastures, and on banks in dry woods, very common. Fl. August 

 — October. 



Curtis, i. 155 ; E. B. xiii, 878 (too blue) ; Baxter, iv, 277. 



The garden representatives are restricted to species of ScaM6sa, one of which, 

 the Scabidsa atro2)urpurea, is common and highly beautiful. The stems are 

 slender and very much branched, the peduncles a foot or more long, and the 

 flowers of a rich crimson-clurct colour, the out^r florets much larger than the 

 inner ones, and the head sprinkled witli white anthers. The scent is like that of 

 honey, • 



