APPENDIX. 543 



LXXXV.— THE WATER FEATHERWEED FAMILY. Haloragem. 



Make' s-tail — {Hippuris vulgaris. ) 



Stems simple, erect, rising eight or ten inches out of the water. Leaves nar- 

 row linear, in crowded whorls of about twelve each, two or three inches long at 

 the base of the stem, but gradually shortening towards the top. Flowers minute, 

 sessile in the axils of the upper leaves. Perianth absent ; stamen solitary ; anther 

 large and red ; ovary single. Fl. summer. Plentiful in ditches at Southport, 

 where it is called " witches'-milk." (E. B. xi. 763.) 



XCIII.— THE DAISY FAMILY. CompositcB. 



* Sea Stak-flowek — {Aster Tripblium.) 



Stem nine to eighteen inches high, branched, round, and smooth. Leaves 

 lanceolate, entire, fleshy. Flowers numerous, large, with a yellow disk and purple 

 rays, resembhng those of the " Michaelmas-daisy " or " Farewell-summer." 

 Common along the coast. (E. B. ii. 87.) 



f Carline Thistle — {Carlina vulgaris. Flora, p. 307.) 

 Sand-hills at Southport. 



f Nodding Musk-thistle — {Carduus nutans. Flora, p. 299.) 

 Abundant about Scarisbrick. 



Slender Thistle — [Carduus tenuijlorus.) 



Stems stiff, one to four feet high, slender. Leaves pinnatifid, with short, wavy, 

 very prickly lobes, and decurrent down the stem, gi^^ng it waved and prickly 

 wings, as in the marsh thistle, or C. palustris, from which it is immediately dis- 

 tinguished by the simple hairs of the pappus, those of the palustris being feathery. 

 Fl. all summer. Annual. Common at Southport. (E. B. vi. 412.) 



* Sea Wormwood — [Artemisia maritima.) 



Stems much branched, more or less covered, along with the foliage, with close, 

 white cottony down. Leaves doubly pinnate, the segments linear. Flower-heads 

 very small, cylindrical, yellowish, containing three to six florets. Fl. August. 

 Abundant at Southport. (E. B. xxiv. 1706.) 



Great Crimson Centaurt — [Centaurea Scahiosa.) 

 Distinguished from the "hard-heads" {Centaurea m'l/ra, Flora, p. 308) by its 

 deeply pinnatifid leaves, and the abundant and spreading rays or coronet of its 

 large and handsome crimson flowers. Common in dry places at Southport. 

 Fl. Jub-— September. (E. B. i. 56.) 



