520 MEMOIRS OF THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN 



divided into topics which are discussed in sequence as far as 

 possible, under the following headings: 



The flower bud and its position 



The inflorescence 



The flower and its essential parts 



Pollination and fertilization 



The development of the fruit. 



I. The flower bud and its position 

 The flower bud in the Baldwin apple is a mixed bud and de- 

 velops either terminally or axillarly, more frequently in the former 

 manner. Many so-called axillary buds are found to be terminal 

 upon one or more years' growth of wood (plate 33, figures i 

 and 2). The small amount of wood developed is inconspicu- 

 ous and has led to a rather general use of the term axillary 

 as applied to such buds in horticultural literature. The true 

 axillary bud as a rule is a very small bud found directly in the 

 axil of the leaf scar, and usually develops a few leaves only, 

 if the bud is potentially fertile. Typical axillary buds are also 

 shown in plate 33, figures i, 2, and 3. A few so-called axillary 

 flower buds were found but the flowers formed in such buds were 

 few in number and of no vigorous growth, developing a little later 

 than the usual terminal flower buds (plate 33, figure 7). The 

 few scars at the base of this inflorescence indicate that it is 

 really terminal and not axillary. Buds terminating long and short 

 shoots are shown in plate 33, figures 1,2, and 3, as are also the 

 axillary buds. The difference. in size between terminal buds on 

 one year's growth of wood and true axillary buds is quite apparent. 

 The term fruit bud is well established in horticultural literature as 

 applying to the bud which will eventually produce fruit. The 

 question of distinguishing between a fruit bud and a leaf bud 

 naturally presents itself. The size and position of the buds may 

 indicate the different kinds in some fruit trees, fruit buds as a 

 rule being larger than leaf buds. Sometimes size indicates the 

 nature of the bud, as in the peach; in other cases neither size nor 

 relative position is indicative, as in the plums and cherries. 

 The size of the bud in the Baldwin is not a distinguishing char- 

 acter, as a comparison of the terminal buds in plate 33, figures 

 I and 2. which are leaf buds and figures 3, 4, 5, and 6 which are 



