546 MEMOIRS OF THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN 



9. Diagrammatic longitudinal section of the fruit, showing the vascular system, 

 (a) The unused portion of the axis of the flower, (b) the exocarp and mesocarp of the 

 carpel, (c) the pith, (d) the cortex. 



10. Diagrammatic cross section of the fruit, lettering as in FIGURE 9. The rows of 

 small fibro-vascular bundles surrounding the carpels on their outer faces form the 

 boundar>- line between carpellary and torus tissue. The primary fibro-vascular bundles 

 occur in two circles of five each. The bundles of the outermost circle occupy positions 

 opposite the carpels, those on the inner circle positions between the carpels. 



Plate 34 



1. A slightly irregular inflorescence showing the distinction between a pedicel and 

 a peduncle which in this case is a partial peduncle. 



2. A series of bud scales from a leaf bud showing the petiolar origin of the scale. 

 a, Outermost scale to innermost scale, h. 



3. A series of bud scales from a flower bud. a. Outermost scale to innermost scale, h. 



4. Individual flowers of an inflorescence with the leaves or bracts which subtend 

 them, a. Oldest flower to youngest flower, e. 



5. A cluster of mummied fruits. The peduncle is becoming separated from the stem 

 which bore it. 



6. The cluster shown in figure 5 removed. The inflorescence is abjointed as a 

 whole by the common tissue, the peduncle. 



7. Diagrammatic drawing of an inflorescence. The dotted line is the axis of the 

 inflorescence or peduncle from which arise the pedicelled flowers. 



Plate 35 



1. Longitudinal section through the apex of the leaf bud with the same general 

 structure as the fruit bud. 



2. Longitudinal section of the growing apex of a flower bud. The pith is crowned 

 by the layer of meristematic tissue. 



3. Longitudinal section of a young flower with the calyx well developed and the 

 primordia of the petals and stamens established. 



4. Longitudinal section, showing the primordia of all parts present. The pistils 

 are the last organs developed. 



5. Longitudinal section of two young flowers, showing the ovarian cavity in two 

 carpels and the unused central portion of the axis. 



6. Longitudinal section of a flower. This section shows clearly how the torus 

 becomes hollowed as the successive circles of the flower parts develop. The unused 

 portion of the apex of the axis is shown. The ovarian cavity is seen in two carpels. 



7. A little later stage than the preceding. The styles have developed and extend 

 slightly above the torus. A primary vascular strand is shown on either side, supplying 

 the sepals, petals, and stamens. 



Pl.\te 36 



1. Longitudinal section of a flower, showing petals arching over the stamens. The 

 wfll-devclopcd anthers and young ovule primordia are shown. The unused portion 

 of the axis is conspicuous. 



2. Longitudinal section of a flower just before expanding. 



3. Cross section of a young anther, showing the difTcrcntiation of the sporogenous 

 tissue. 



4. Cross section of a young anther. The point at which dehiscence will occur is 

 clearly indicated between the i)olien sacs. 



