292 



Minnesota Plant Life. 



of extra lari^e prickles just below the sti])iiles at the base of 

 each leaf. 



This description does not extend oxer all the wild roses of 

 the state, btit without .U'oini;- into technical details o-i\-es an idea 

 of their differences. All the roses are marked by a special 

 type of fruit which may be compared, perhaps, to a strawberry 

 turned inside out ; that is to say, the nutlets or fruits are aggre- 

 gated not ti])on a con\ex, but ui)on a conca\e rece])tacle. The 

 calyx grows tip around this conca\e end of the flower, and the 



Kk;. 1-iU. Saiul-cheny in fmit. After Bailey. Dull, TO, CoriKll Aji. Hxpl. Slatioii. 



nutlets are inclosed within its red and lleshy substance. Some 

 roses ha\e the fruits, or hijjs, as they are called. i)i(>tccted by 

 a growth of prickles, while in others lhe\ are smooth. 



Plums, peaches and cherries. .\ well marked >ub -family of 

 roses includes the plums, cherries, iieachc^. ai)i'icois and al- 

 monds. 'iMiese are all trees or shrubs with bitter bark and 

 foliage. The bark. lea\es. and set-ds comain small (|uantities 

 of prussic acid. — a subst.ance which lia^., when chemicalK' pre- 

 l^ared. aiMHit the same odor ;is the kernel of a ])each stone. The 

 flowers ai"e of the ordinar\ rose l\pe. except that there is only 



