SUPPLEMENT 



FÖLDTANI KÖZLÖNY 



BÁND XLVIU. 0KT0BER-DE(1EMBER 1918. HEFTE lO-U 



A) ABHANDLUNGEN. 



THE MORPHOLOGICAL ÜNITY OF HUNGARY. 



By Péter Treitz State Agrogc ologist and Charles de Papp 

 Professor of Geology. 



- With Plate IV. - .^1 . 



I. liitroduction. 



Hungaiy'spoliticalfrontiersareiuperfect accoidance withthe moipho- 

 logical formation of the Hungárián basin. The norlhern and eastern boan- 

 dary lines are not only political limits but they form at the same time 

 a dividing wall between differences of climate and vegetál formation, that 

 is to say, they are botanic-geographical limils. This is most conspicuous 

 on the frontier borders of the Counties Zemplén, üng, Bereg and Mára- 

 maros, but can be recognized all along the western, northern and eastern 

 frontiers. On the slopes running towards the Hungárián basin beech forests 

 art" the predominating formation whereas on the other side of the boundary 

 we only find firs. The vegetation outside the boundary line is quite 

 distinctive from that inside ; the outer shows truly the effect of the 

 northern climate just as the inside vegetation shows that of the home 

 olimate. The difference between the nature in the western counties and 

 that of the neighbouring territories is just as great. ít is therefore obvioos 

 lo conclude that natural forces förmed the Pungaiian geological basin, 

 and not the will of man nor accidental conquests determined Hungary's 

 political limits. Any artificial change which is contrary to natural conditions 

 would not only be of disadvantage to the populations of these distriets but 

 should evén be the cause of affecting the most <SUú interests in their 

 possi bilit ies of existence. 



In order to be convinced of the truth of these statements we must 

 examine the geographical and geological formation of the Hungárián basin 

 and study the agricultural and economical conditions of the country in 

 áccordance with its natural characteristics. 



