hooks." Riley in this connection states of yiiccae: "Prolegs well de- 

 veloped, the hooks in double rozv and forming a distinct purple-brown, 

 transversely oval annttlus, but slightly broken at the narrow ends." 



The "white, glistening, powdery secretion," mentioned by Riley 

 as being found on the adult larva and in the silk-lined burrow, is also 

 common to most Hesperiids. Tutt states (1. c. 87) that it is pro- 

 duced on the underside of the 7th and 8th abdominal segments and 

 is scattered by the larva when spinning its cocoon, in all probability 

 as a protection against moisture. 



Pupation takes place in the case of yuccae in a funnel lined with 

 silk and formed at the end of the burrow, exterior to the stem; the 

 pupa lies free in the puparium, and is more or less covered with the 

 white "bloom" mentioned above ; characteristic is the "prominence 

 of the prothoracic spiracle." Riley further states that "except in the 

 broader anal flap, densely surrounded with stiff bristles, in place of an 

 apical bunch of hooks, in the smaller head and larger body, it re- 

 sembles Nisoiiiadcs in general form, color and texture." 



Of the imaginal characters we are able to speak with more pre- 

 cision, due to personal study and not merely to an acquaintance with 

 the writings of others. 



The Antennae are strongly scaled, both dorsally and ventrally, 

 over their entire surface ; there are two types of club, a rather short 

 stout one, somewhat flattened dorso-ventrally, swelling abruptly and 

 with a minute slightly bent tip, in one species (smithi) quite prom- 

 inent ; this form is found in all the species but hcsperiaris and ursiis, 

 in these the club is longer, narrower, and the swelling is much more 

 gradual ; the slightly recurved tip is more prominent in hcsperiaris than 

 tirsus. At the base of the antennae, between it and the eye, a distinct 

 tuft of hair or "locklet" is present. 



The form of the antennal club appears to be quite characteristic 

 of the family ; those few Pamphiline genera in which the club is 

 somewhat similar contain mostly small species with a wing expanse of 

 less than one inch ; these may also be separated on some structural 

 feature ; either the posterior tibia has two pairs of spurs, or the 3nl 

 joint of the palpi is long and pointed ; most of these species also have 

 a distinct stigma in the 3 sex. 



The Palpi are upturned, comparatively short, very stout, with the 

 3rd joint minute, tubercular, blunt or slightly conical, scarcely pro- 

 truding from the heavy squammation of the 2nd joint. 



