31 



cross directions. Fourteen examined that were naturally deposited and many 

 more in the 9 abdomen. 



Larva — Newly-hatched Larva : Length 6 mm. Color dark brick-red with 

 pitchy-black head and cervical shield; the abdominal joints showing two prin- 

 cipal transverse folds. Si.x longitudinal rows (2 dorsal on anterior fold, 3 sub- 

 dorsal, and 2 stigmatal on posterior fold) of black stiff hairs, arising either 

 directly from the skin or from very small tubercles, longest posteriorly where 

 they often exceed in length the diameter of the joint bearing them; some less 

 conspicuous stigmatal and subventral hairs. Head larger than first thoracic 

 joint, rounded, but rather flat in front; cervical shield narrow and in one piece; 

 both minutely punctate. No anal plate. 



In the second stage (after first molt) the head is deep gamboge-yellow, with 

 dark jaws — not polished but faintly shagreened ; the cervical shield is narrow, 

 entire, and polished black ; and an anal plate is also obvious, also polished, dark 

 brown, with the hind borders thickened and black. The body is olivaceous- 

 brown; the stiff, black hairs of the first stage are very much shortened and pale, 

 and the whole surface has a faintly pubescent appearance, caused by numerous 

 minute points, each giving rise to a short soft hair. The wrinkles of the ma- 

 ture larva are already well defined. 



In the third stage the head is chestnut-brown, and the stiff, piliferous hairs 

 are scarcely longer than the other minute ones on the general surface. The 

 larva has now all the characteristics of the last stage, except in lacking the white 

 powder, and in being of a pale olive-brown color. The cervical and anal shields 

 are still highly polished and black, and the skin, instead of looking faintly 

 pubescent, as in the previous stage, is translucent and glossy. 



Full-grown Larva — Average length 2.60 inches ; diameter 0.40 inch. Color 

 edematous white. Surface faintly aciculate, and sparsely armed, dorsally, with 

 minute, evenly distributed, short, rufous bristles, springing from the general 

 surface, and not very noticeable with the naked eye ; covered more or less 

 copiously with a white, glistening, powdery secretion. Cylindrical, the abdominal 

 joints with 8 annulets, the first 3 occupying anterior half, the 3rd most prom- 

 inent and widening laterally, and the other 5 on the hind half of the joint — all 

 best defined dorsally. The thoracic joints somewhat larger than the rest, more 

 deeply and irregularly wrinkled ; the substigmatal region with longitudinal folds. 

 Head black, perpendicular, and asperous or deeply shagreened ; epistoma and 

 labrum brown, small, and usually with a transverse median ridge, the ^-shaped 

 mark white, forking before the suture, and the forks having the shape of U : 

 mandibles stout, subtriangular, non-dentate : antennae 2-jointed, exclusive of 

 bulbus, the terminal joint twice as long as the basal, sometimes showing a faint 

 constriction, and with an apical nipple and long seta : maxillae and labium and 

 mentum forming a subquadrate piece, bulging out prominently from beneath, 

 the parts seemingly soldered together and separated only by deep sutures, the 

 maxillary palpi consisting of two broad joints, the second surmounted by two 

 stout nipples, squarely docked at tip, the inner one stoutest and both armed 

 with bristles : the labium small, trapezoidal, highly polished, with the spinneret 

 twice as long as palpi, which are small, recurved and 2-jointed, exclusive of 

 bulbus : a few stout bristles on labrum, on palpigerous piece of maxilla, on 



