NOTES ON HELIANTHUS TUBEROSUS. 199 
“ Jerusalem artichoke’ was known to English and Continen- 
tal botanists. 
I can discover no authority whatever, before 1700, for 
ascribing to the Helianthus tuberosus, either a Brazilian or 
a Mexican origin, except — and the exception is unimportant 
—in C. Bauhin’s identification (in his Pinax, 277) with“ He- 
lianthemum Indicum tuberosum” (/Z. tuberosus, L.), of a 
plant that he had described in his earlier “ Prodromus” (ed. 
1671, p. 70) as “ Chrysanthemon latifolium Brasilianum,” 
from a dried specimen sent to him “eo nomine” from the 
garden of Contarini. 
The first trace I find of this species, in Europe, is in the 
2d part (cap. 6) of Fabio Colonna’s “ Eephrasis minus cogni- 
tarum stirpium,” published at Rome in 1616. He described 
it from a plant growing in the garden of Cardinal Farnese. 
The Sunflower was already well known to European botanists, 
and had been described and figured+ by Dodoens (1563) and 
Lobel (1576) as Chrysanthemum Peruvianum and Flos 
solis Peruvianus. With reference to these descriptions, 
probably, Colonna gave the new species the name of Aster 
Peruanus, tuberosa radice, otherwise Solis flos Farnesianus. 
(He gave a more particular description of the plant in his 
annotations to Recchi’s Hernandez, “ Plant. Mexie. Hist.,” 
1651, pp. 878, 881, as Peruanus Solis flos ex Indiis tube- 
TOSUS. ) 
The author of the “Descriptio variorum plantarum, in 
Horto Farnesiano,” published under the name of Tobias Al- 
dinus (Rome, 1625), gave some account of the roots, which 
he calls “‘Tubera Indica,” of the Solis flos tuberosus, seu 
Flos Farnesianus Fabii Columne (p. 91). It may be ob- 
served that several of the rarer plants in the Farnese garden, 
at this time, were from “Canada” and “ Virginia.” The 
Passion Flower (admirably figured by Aldinus) is described 
under its Virginian name, “ Maracot” (the ‘“* Maracocks” of 
John Smith and Strachey); and a Campanula Americana is 
otherwise named “ Campanula Virginiana, seu ex Virginiis 
insulis.” 
C. Bauhin, in his “ Pinax” (first published in 1623), ed. 
