200 ESSAYS. 
1671, p. 276, notes that the “ Helianthemum Indicum tube- 
rosum”’ is called “ Chrysanthemum e Canada, quibusdam. 
Canada et Artischoki sub terra, aliis. Gigantea, Burgundis.” 
P. Laurenberg, “ Apparat. plant.” (Rostock, 1632), names 
the species ‘‘ Adenes Canadenses or Flos Solis glandulosus.” 
Ant. Vallot, “ Hortus Regis, Paris,” 1665 (as cited by Bauhin), 
gives the names “Canada and Artischoki sub terra,” and 
“Canadas,” and describes also “* Heleniwm Canadense altis- 
simum, Vosacan dictum,” which Tournefort distinguishes as 
“Corona Solis rapunculi radice” (Inst. Herb. 490), and which 
became 7. strumosus, L. “ Vosacan,” by the way, is a French 
fashion of writing the Algonkin word “ wassakone”’ or “ was- 
sakwan,” which means a “ bright yellow flower.” The mod- 
ern Chippeways give this name to the flowers of the Pumpkin 
and Squash. 
Under whatever name the Jerusalem Artichoke was de- 
scribed, there seems to have been a general agreement among 
European botanists that it came from Canada. F. Schuyl, 
“Catal. Horti Lugd. Bat.” (Heidelberg, 1672), varies ges 
specific name to “ Cian Canadense Arumosum. 
P. Amman, “Charac. Plant. Nat.” (1676), has “ Helenium 
Canadense.” 
It was introduced to England about 1617. In that year, 
Mr. John Goodyer, of Maple Durham, Hampshire, “ received 
two small roots thereof, from Mr. Franquevill of London,” 
which were planted, and enabled him, before 1621, to “ store 
Hampshire.” He wrote an account of the plant, under date 
of October 17, 1621, for T. Johnson, — who printed it in his 
edition of Gerard, 1636 (p. 753). Before this the species 
had been figured and described by J. Parkinson, in “ Para- 
disus Terrestris” (London, 1629), as ‘* Battatas de Canada,” 
and in his “Theatre of Plants,” 1640 (p. 1883), he has the 
figure —a good one — without the description, under the names 
“ Battatas de Canada, the French Battatas, or Hierusalem 
Artichoke.” Johnson, in Gerard (p. 753), refers to Parkin- 
son’s description, and gives the name as ‘‘ Flos Solis Pyrami- 
dalis, Jerusalem Artichoke.” It already grew “well and 
plentifully in many parts of England.” 
