124 THE SNAKES OF SOUTH AFRICA. 
3. PSAMMOPHIS TRANSVAALIENSIS. Gough’s Sand Snake. 
Colour—The seven middle rows of scales dark brown, tipped or edged 
with black. The top third of the row of scales fifth from middle 
of back, black; lower two-thirds of fifth row and upper two- 
thirds of sixth row, cream-coloured; outer third of this row 
black. The seventh and eighth rows dark brown, almost black 
at the tips. Upper half of outer row black; lower cream. 
A black line along each side of the ventrals, the space between 
the black lines yellow. Lips and chin cream, with black dots 
and markings; a black line runs along the upper edge of the 
labials, across the rostral. Upper surface of head light brown 
with darker black-edged markings, a lighter transverse band 
on the nape. The yellow lateral stripes originate at a short 
distance from the head, the portion of the neck anterior to 
them with indistinct cross bars. 
Average length—2 feet 6 inches. 
Distribution—Transvaal. 
Fic. 53.—Head and neck of a Sand Snake, also known as a Whip Snake 
(Psammophis furcatus). 
4. PSAMMOPHIS TRIGRAMMUS. Namaqualand Sand Snake. 
Colour—Pale olive above, yellowish posteriorly, the scales on the 
vertebral line black-edged, forming a stripe posteriorly; a 
rather indistinct dark lateral stripe running along the outer 
row of scales; upper lip, pre- and postoculars yellowish white ; 
lower parts and lower half of outer row of scales yellowish white, 
the ventrals clouded with olive in the middle. 
Average length—3 to 4 feet. 
Distribution—Namaqualand. 
5. PSAMMOPHIS BOCAGII. Bocage’s Sand Snake. 
Colour—A broad, reddish-brown black-edged vertebral band seven 
scales broad separated from the sides, which are grey or reddish 
brown, by a yellow streak; a black line along the middle of 
the outer row of scales; head with rather indistinct yellow, 
black-edged cross-bars; a black line along the upper border of 
the labials, which are dotted with black; lower half of outer 
row of scales and lower parts pale yellow, with a black line on 
each side. 
Average length—3 feet. 
Distribution—Southern Rhodesia; Angola. 
