218 THE SNAKES OF SOUTH AFRICA. 
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6. 
BITIS CORNUTA. Hornsman or Horned Adder ; Hoornsman. 
Synonyms—V pera cornuta ; Vipera armata ; Cerastes cornuta ; Clotho 
cornuta ; Cerastes lophophrys. 
Colour—Greyish or reddish brown above, with dark brown spots, often 
edged with whitish, disposed in three or four longitudinal series, 
with or without light spots between them ; head with more or 
less distinct symmetrical markings; an oblique dark streak 
from the eye to the mouth ; yellowish white or brownish beneath, 
uniform or spotted with dark brown. 
Average length—r foot to 1 foot 6 inches. 
Distribution—Both provinces of Cape Colony, including British Bechu- 
analand ; German South-West Africa. (Partial to sandy regions.) 
BiTIS CAUDALIS. Horned Puff Adder. Hoorn Pof Adder. Also 
called Hornsman. 
Synonyms—Vipera ocellata; Cerastes ocellatus; Vipera caudalis ; 
Cerastes caudalis ; Vipera schneidert. 
t 
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Fic. 87.—Head and neck of the Horned Adder (Bitis caudalis). 
A pair of erect horn-like scales on the head. Body 
rough-looking and dingy. Head flat and broad. 
Colour—Pale buff, reddish or sandy grey above, with two series of 
brown spots with light centres, and frequently a vertebral series 
of narrower spots ; the spots may be edged with yellow ; yellowish 
white beneath, uniform or with small blackish spots on the sides. 
Average length—14 inches. 
Distribution—Eastern Province of Cape Colony; Orange River Colony and 
Transvaal; Southern Rhodesia; German South-West Africa; Angola. 
Bitis GaBonica. The West African Adder. : 
Synonyms—Cerastes nasicornis ; Echidna gabonica; Vipera rhino- 
cevos ; Clotho rhinoceros ; Bitis rhinoceros. 
Colour—Brown above, with a vertebral series of elongate, quadrangular 
yellowish or light brown spots connected by hour-glass shaped 
dark brown markings. A series of crescentic or angular dark 
brown markings on each side; head pale above with a dark 
brown median line; a dark brown oblique band behind the 
eye, widening towards the mouth. Yellowish beneath, with 
small brown or blackish spots. 
Average length—3 to 4 feet. ; 
Distribution—Amatongaland ; Damaraland ; South Central Africa. 
