344 THE SNAKES OF SOUTH AFRICA. 
clustered together like a bunch of grapes—racemose meaning 
‘arranged in grape-like clusters.’ These venom glands were 
A.STUDY PLATE FOR SCIENTIFIC STUDENTS. 
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THE DENTITION OF SNAKES. 
Fic. 135.—The skull of a typical non-venomous snake (Boa) and that of a typical venomous snake ' 
(Crotalus) seen from the side and somewhat from above. 
N—Nasal. Prj/—Prefrontal. Fr.—Frontal. Pf—Post frontal. Pa—Parietal. Pe— 
Petrostral. Os—Supra-occipital. Sg—Squamosal. Q—Quadrate. H—Ear bone. Pt— 
Pterygoid. Px—Pre-maxilla. My—Maxilla. Pal—Palatine. Tr—Transverse bone. 1— 
2—3—Bones of lower jaw. 
once upon a time ordinary salivary glands, and under that 
mysterious law of God which we term Evolution, these harmless 
