CALYCIFLORZ 97 
species, which, though not generally cultivated, 
except the last, are astable crop gathered by country 
folk for the markets and in great demand in autumn. 
In the Bramble there are five sepals and five petals, 
as in most of this group, and many stamens and 
pistils, but the receptacle, not being hollowed out as 
in Roses, rises like a cone-shaped disc bearing the 
carpels in the form of drupes upon the persistent 
spongy receptacle, well marked in the Raspberry. 
The Strawberry is a favourite garden fruit. The 
sepals are connate below, the stamens numerous, 
attached to the edge of the receptacle, which is cup- 
shaped, rising up in the middle. 
The Rose is the most beautiful and most fragrant 
flower perhaps that can be named. The common 
Dog Rose in itself is a beautiful plant. 
The Hawthorn is a useful plant not only for 
hedging and firewood, but grown as a separate bush 
or tree for its landscape effect in a park. 
Cotoneaster, known in a wild state at Great 
Orme’s Head, where it is protected, is a useful 
ornament also for walls. 
The Apples, Pears, Quinces, Medlars, etc., areall of 
importance in the orchard. They have indefinite 
stamens in a ring attached to the throat of the 
calyx. 
_ The Rosacez include trees and shrubs, as well as 
many herbaceous species. As a rule the leaves are 
alternate, simple or compound, with stipules in many 
cases, often adnate to the petiole, which is generally 
7 
