CALYCIFLOR/E 105 
resembling most that of the trailing Dog Rose. There 
are numerous stems, at first ascending, originating 
from a single root, growing horizontally and then 
arching over, rooting again in the ground, and thus 
forming a mass of interlacing entanglements which 
any scout who has negotiated them will find as 
impenetrable as barbed-wire. The stems are armed 
with sharp, broad-based, strong prickles, at intervals. 
The different species of bramble are largely identified 
by the character of the prickles and glands upon the 
stem, as well as by the leaf characters, and those of 
the panicle of flowers. 
In this species the leaves are digitate, and the 
leaflets oval-oblong, greyish-white beneath. 
The flowers are pink, with a whitish calyx, felted 
in the same way as the leaves. They are erect, in 
long panicles, with many flowers. The fruit is 
especially noted for the very gritty nature of its seeds- 
The plant reaches a height of ro ft. or more. 
The flowers are in bloom between July and September. 
The flowers are rendered conspicuous by their out- 
spread character, the stamens also spreading out, and 
the honey disc is easily reached by insects. The 
outer row of stamens first opens when the stigmas are 
ripe ; the inner row then becomes erect, and, touching 
the stigma, self-pollinates it. Bees, wasps, files, 
beetles, butterflies are frequent visitors. 
The fruit, which is a collection of drupels on a 
convex receptacle, is eaten by birds. 
Broomles, Brumble, Brummel Kilts, Bullbeef, Gabe 
