GAMOPETAL/ 153 
This Order includes the Whortleberry, Cranberry, 
Strawberry Tree, Bearberry, Andromeda, Heath, 
Ling, St. Dabacec’s Heath, Phyllodoce, Azalea, 
Winter Green, Bird’s Nest, the last a leafless parasite. 
The heaths are largely cultivated. The Whortle- 
berry and Cranberry are ground fruits. Ling was 
used for dyeing, and for besoms. The Strawberry 
Tree yields fruits. Rhododendron, Azalea and 
Kalmia are garden shrubs. 
CROSS-LEAVED HEATH (Erica Tetralix). 
In the popular mind a heath is connected with 
wide expanses of hilly country, or even lowlands, 
covered with little else but ling or heath. They give, 
indeed, quite a character to the vegetation, and in 
themselves form a true association. 
The Cross-leaved Heath grows in every county 
apparently but East Gloucestershire, and at an 
altitude of 2400 ft. in the Highlands, and in Ireland 
and the Channel Islands. 
This heath is not found in such abundance or 
forming such extensive patches as Ling, and is not 
found at such high elevations as the latter. 
The roots are fibrous and creeping, with a myco- 
rhiza, which is essential to their growth. The stems 
are wiry, the plant shrub-like, branched, rough and 
shaggy. 
The slender branches bear whorls of four leaves, 
- oval and linear, spreading and imbricate below the 
