1356 THE STORY OF PLANT LIFE 
Germany for cooking. An astringent juice obtained 
from the Ash has been used medicinally. 
In the Oleaceze the branches are usually opposite, 
the buds scaly and terminal. 
In the Ash there are nine to fifteen leaflets, sub- 
sessile, lanceolate, and opposite in each leaf. 
The leaves are simple or pinnate, with a terminal 
leaflet, and without stipules. Accessory leaf-buds 
appear in the axils of the leaves in Lilac. The 
flowers are in racemes or cymes, and in the Ash 
have no perianth; the flowers hermaphrodite or uni- 
sexual, regular, with two to six divisions, poly- 
petalous or apetalous in Ash. The calyx, when 
present, is 4-fid and persistent. The corolla is 
regular, falling, 4-partite, valvate, or absent. There 
are two stamens. In the Ash there may be pistil 
and stamens, pistil only, stamens only. There is no 
disc. The style is simple; the calyx two-lobed. 
The fruit is a berry, drupe, capsule, or schizocarp, 
with one to four seeds, or only one. 
In addition to Ash and Privet, the Olive, Olea 
Europea, yields useful oil, and another scents China 
tea. Manna is obtained from the Ash in Sicily. 
Forsythia and Lilac, also Jasmine, are well-known 
garden shrubs. 
Asu (Fraxinus excelstor). 
Like the other common trees, the Ash is more or 
less universal, though not really native wherever it is 
found, since so much planting has been done. 
