APETALZ 183 
suckers, but though they are far-reaching, they do 
not alwaysdoso. It isthe Wych Elm that produces 
suckers. The twigs in one form are corky. The 
leaves are not so large as those of the Wych Elm, 
narrow at the base, rough above and downy below, 
but in U. glabra are glabrous. This last form has 
drooping branches like the Wych Elm. 
The perianth is not so large as in the Wych Elm, 
and there are four stamens. The samara is smaller, 
with the seed above the middle. The samara is 
obovate or oblong, and the notch has the points 
often twisted and incurved. 
The flowers appear before the leaves, and are not 
in catkins like the Cupulifere, and are bisexual. The 
male flowers are below the female, and the pollen is 
dispersed by the wind and blown upwards. 
The winged samara is adapted for dispersal by aid 
of the wind. 
The Common Elm is in flower from March to 
May. The glabrous form does not come into leaf 
till much later, and flowers later. 
The Common Elm is a favourite tree for planting 
in parks. The wood is a valuable timber, used for 
coffins, planks, etc. The bark is used for tanning. 
Wycw Em (Ulmus montana). 
There is evidence that this Elm is native. There 
are a few counties where it is absent, however, in 
England and Scotland and Wales, but it grows in 
