APETAL 195 
elongate, nodding at length. The male are shorter 
than the female. The scales are hairy with a black 
tip. The filaments are glabrous. The capsule is 
silky, lanceolate, subulate, with a very short style. 
There are two stamens. The disk is eglandular. 
The catkins are borne on leafy peduncles. The 
capsules have a very slender pedicle. The buds are 
glabrous, whereas in S. cinerea, which resembles it 
rather, they are downy. 
The flowers are adapted to pollination by the 
wind. They also, in possessing abundant honey and 
pollen, attract large numbers of insects, and in this 
way cross-pollination is easily effected. 
The Sallow is not of any commercial value. It 
serves to make a good cover in plantations for game, 
and it is also utilised for firewood. 
BircH (Betula verrucosa). 
The Birch is one of those graceful ornaments of 
the landscape which help to give a distinct character 
to the scenery. 
It is found in all parts of England and Wales, 
Scotland and Ireland, and in the Highlands grows 
at an altitude of 2500 ft. 
As a whole the Birch is confined to hillier ground 
throughout this country, being especially abundant 
upon suitable rock soils (siliceous) in all the mountain 
districts, where it forms forests, or may grow with 
Oak and Hazel, and in some parts forms a sort of 
heath land or scrub. 
