MONOCOTYLEDONS 215 
GLUMACE. 
This group includes the two families, the Cyper- 
aceze and Graminez. 
There is no perianth, or if any it consists of chaffy 
scales (minute), or glumes. The flower is glumaceous 
and the stamens hypogynous. 
The ovary is one-celled, with but one ovyule. 
There are two to three styles or stigmas. The seeds 
are albuminous, and the embryo small. The flowers 
are in spikes, and are solitary in the axils of imbricate 
glumes or bracts. 
The flowers are unisexual or bisexual in Cyperacez, 
bisexual in Graminez. In the former the perianth 
is absent or consists of bristles, occasionally of scales ; 
in Graminez it is generally made up of very small 
scales. 
Of this group we have included one species of the 
family Cyperacez. All have the grass habit, and 
constitute a greater part of the earth’s vegetation than 
any other group of plants. 
THE SEDGE GROUP. 
Sedges like rushes, have a characteristic habit, 
resembling the grass habit, but more tufted, and make 
up a large part of the vegetation of marshy tracts, 
being also subaquatic. 
There are some 2500 species included in sixty-five 
genera, and they are found in all parts of the world, but 
