GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED 231 
Epigynous.—When the outer members of the flower adhere to 
the ovary; and the upper parts appear to be seated on it, and the 
ovary is inferior, as in Umbellifere. 
Epipetalous.—Growing on the petals. 
Episepalous.—Growing on the sepals. 
Equitant.—Folded around or over. 
Exserted.—Projecting beyond. 
Extrorse.— With the anther cavities turned away from the ovary; 
centrifugal. 
Fertilisation.— When after pollination, pollen is enabled by the 
formation of a pollen tube to travel down the neck of the ovary into 
the ovule, and by conjugation with the ovum to form an embryo 
within the embryo-sac, resulting in Angiosperms in fruit-formation. 
Filaments.—The anther stalks. 
Filiform.—Thread-like. 
Flaccid.—Bending, but not elastic. 
Fleshy.—Succulent, as opposed to dry. 
Flexuous.— Wavy. 
Floret.—One of the flowers in a head or cluster. 
Flower.—The short shoots that take part in the reproduction of 
the plant, consisting of male parts, andrcecium, female parts, gynz- 
cium, and protective envelopes or outer perianth. 
Flower-head.—An inflorescence. 
Flower-stalk.—The stem bearing the flower. 
Follicle.—A dry, dehiscent fruit, opening along the ventral suture, 
one-celled. 
Free.—Not attached, as of the calyx lobes. 
Fruit.—The seed-vessel, with seed and appendages. 
Funnel-shaped.—Like an inverted cone. 
Gamophyllous.—When the parts of the perianth are united or 
concrescent. 
Gibbous.—Swollen at one end. 
Glabrous.—Smooth. 
Gland.—A secretory organ. 
Glandular.—Possessing glands. 
Glaucous.—Whitish-blue, not green. 
Globose.—Globe-like, round. 
Glume.—Bract-like scales or outer envelopes, often chaffy, found 
in Graminez. 
