CALYCIFLOR^ 267 



The fruit is in part a burr fruit and thus dispersed 

 partly by animals, but the inner fruits are adapted 

 to germination close at hand and the tubercles serve 

 to retain the fruit, showing a division of labour in 

 this respect. 



Caucalis nodosa. — Note in Fig. 57 the long, trailing 

 stems, with flowers and fruit in small umbels at the 

 nodes, and the pinnate leaves. 



35. The Ivy Group (Summary). 



{Introductory Volume, p. 117.) 



The only British plant which is a member of the 

 order Araliaceae is the Ivy, already described in the 

 Introductory Volume. Sometimes the Tuberous 

 Moschatel is placed in the same order. 



The order consists of some four hundred species 

 and fifty-one genera, which are found chiefly in the 

 Tropics, the Indo-Malayian region, and America. 



The members of this group are trees and shrubs, 

 either erect or climbing. Some of them, as Ivy, have 

 a twining habit, climbing by aid of aerial, root-like 

 organs. 



The leaves are often alternate, and simple or com- 

 pound, large, with stellate pubescence or down. 

 There are small stipules, which are adnate to the 

 leaf-stalk, or they may be absent. 



The flowers are small, in umbels forming a com- 

 pound inflorescence, but usually simple, thus differing 

 from most of the Umbelliferae, to which they are 



