268 THE STORY OF PLANT LIFE 



more or less allied. But the fruit also is different, 

 being usually succulent, not dry, and made up of 

 more than two carpels. 



The flowers are regular, hermaphrodite, epigynous, 

 with the parts in fives, or from three to more. The 

 calyx is superior, attached to the ovary, entire or 

 with five lobes, which are very small and short, 

 toothed, or with a limb. There are usually five petals, 

 or four or more, often leathery, deciduous, valvate, or 

 slightly overlapping in the bud. The stamens are 

 five to ten, of the same number as the petals, or 

 twice as many, inserted on the ovary, or the rim of 

 the epigynous disc. The anther-stalks are bent 

 inwards. The anthers are versatile and didymous. 

 The ovary contains more than two cells, with as many 

 styles and stigmas. The styles are free or united. 



The fruit is a drupe with as many stones as carpels, 

 with one or more one-seeded cells. The ovules are 

 solitary and pendulous. The small embryo contains 

 abundant endosperm. 



In this group are included Araha, often planted in 

 gardens, and A. ginseng yields the Chinese drug. 

 Ginseng, which is considered tonic and stimulant. 

 Some of the species are aromatic. 



36. The Cornel or Dogwood Group. 



There are two species of Cornel found in this 

 country, the Common Dogwood and the Dwarf 

 Cornel, the latter being a rare species found on alpine 



