GAMOPETAL^ 299 



40. The Teasel Group (Summary). 



{Introductory Volume^ p. 126.) 



In this group, or the order Dipsaceae, are included 

 the Teasels, and the Scabiouses. The former have 

 the floral bracts spinous, projecting, and covering 

 the head, and as an example the Common Teasel 

 was described in the Introductory Volume. In the 

 Scabiouses the bracts do not project, and are scale- 

 like or are absent. As an example of these last the 

 Field Scabious is described in this volume. 



There are about one hundred and fifty species 

 included in less than a dozen genera, which are 

 found chiefly in the Old World in the N. Temperate 

 Zone. 



The Teasel and Scabious groups are perennial or 

 biennial herbaceous plants. 



The leaves are opposite, rarel}' in whorls, and 

 without stipules. In the Teasels they are united 

 below, forming the " pitcher." 



The flowers are in heads or cymes. The outer 

 florets are drawn out on one side, as in the Dandelion 

 group, etc. 



In a few cases bracteoles occur. There is an 

 epicalyx very frequently at the base of the ovary, of 

 two bracteoles united. The outer bracts form an 

 involucre. There are no inner bracts, or they are 

 found below the florets. The floral bracts form an 

 involucel below the calyx-tube. The calyx and 

 corolla have the parts in fives, or fours by the union of 



