310 THE STORY OF PLANT LIFE 



The flower-heads are many, in terminal, dense 

 clusters, stalkless, opposite a tuft of long, linear 

 leaves. The phyllaries are brown, narrow, more or 

 less acute, with a membranous border. 



The florets equal the involucre in length, the 

 three to four outer rows are slender, with some 

 tubular ones in the middle. The fruit is very 

 small, smooth or hairy, hardly flattened, with a 

 pappus of distinct hairs, falling at length. 



The flowers are in bloom between July and October. 

 The plant is a herbaceous annual, from 6 to 9 in. 

 high. The flower-heads are small. The ray florets 

 are female, threadlike, in several rows. The disk 

 florets are bisexual and tubular. They are pollinated 

 by the wind. 



The achenes are provided with a pappus, and 

 wind-dispersed. The only vernacular names are 

 Cudweed and Wartwort. 



Gnaphalium uliginosum. — In Fig. 68 the narrow 

 leaves, the much-divided stem, the cottony down on the 

 whole plant, and the flower-heads, in terminal close clusters, 

 are well shown. 



Nodding Bur Marigold {Bidens cermia). 

 Of the two Bur Marigolds this one is by far the 

 rarer. The first Latin name {bidens, two teeth) is 

 applied owing to the two stiff pappus-bristles in some 

 cases. The name cermia, nodding, alludes to the 

 drooping or nodding flower-heads. The name "bur " 

 refers to the burred or barbed fruits. Marigold is 



