133 



the Daylily Europa. The first record of such a daylily is by 

 Kaempfer, a physician and botanist who was among the first of 

 the Europeans to live in Japan. In his volume on Japanese plants 

 (Amoenitatum Exoticarum . . . Descriptiones, 872. 171 2) he 

 mentions an " Iris " and briefly describes it as having large double 

 flowers of the color of fire. But he gave the Japanese names for 

 it (Ken, Ouanso, and Wasrigusa), through which the plant was 

 identified later by Thunberg (Flora Japonica, 1784) as a H e tri- 

 er ocallis. 



A Japanese work on plants (Somoku-Dzusetsu, 2nd edition, 

 6: 13. 1874) gives an uncolored illustration from a drawing of 

 a double-flowered daylily named Yabukwanzo. In a later edition 

 this plant was identified as H. fulva L. var. Kwanso. Various 

 publications on Japanese plants mention this double-flowered ful- 

 vous daylily as rather widely cultivated in Japan. 



The first introduction into Europe of a double-flowered fulvous 

 daylily was by a Rev. W. Ellis, who brought living plants from 

 Mauritius. The firm Veitch & Son exhibited this plant under the 

 name H. disticha flore-pleno before the Floral Committee of the 

 Royal Horticultural Society in London during i860, receiving for 

 it a First Class Certificate (Gard. Chron. i860 : 482). A year later 

 a colored plate was published (The Floral Magazine 1 : pi. /j) 

 which is in very poor coloring but shows a flower that is much 

 doubled. The excellent volume which surveys the botanical and 

 horticultural contributions of the Veitch firm mentions (Fiortus 

 Veitchii, 446. 1906) the daylily introduced from Mauritius as 

 H. fulva var. flore-pleno and says of it " A semi-double form of 

 the common Day Lily, with spikes of orange flowers similar in 

 color to the type, possessing the important quality of remaining 

 longer on the plant." 



Soon after the introduction of the fulvous Daylily Flore-Pleno 

 by Veitch & Son, plants known as H. fulva Kwanso were brought 

 into Europe directly from Japan by von Siebold. The first men- 

 tion of this plant appears to be a mere note in the Gardeners' 

 Chronicle (1864: 654) that a plant of " Hemerocallis Kwanso 

 foliis variegatis " had been exhibited. Two years later a plate in 

 good color, showing the double flower and the white-striped or 

 variegated foliage of this plant was published (Gartenflora 15: 

 pi. 300. 1866). 



