252 A - B - Stout Cytoiogia 3 



division he made some counts of 33 split or X-shaped chromosomes and 

 concluded that the plant is a triploid, but he notes that it is an irregular 

 triploid with varying numbers of trivalents, bivalents, and univalents 

 in meiosis. 



A somewhat extensive study of the many irregularities in chromo- 

 some behavior in the stages of sporogenesis and in somatic divisions for 

 plants of the Europa Daylily was reported by Stout and Susa (1929) in 

 which it was considered that the variations arise from a basic somatic 

 number of 12 as a result of fragmentation, non-distribution, and non- 

 disjunction. A total of only six chromatin masses were sometimes 

 found in the equatorial plate of the first division in meiosis, groups of 

 six apparently single chromosomes were frequently seen in the late 

 stages of the second division, and in these stages a total of 24 was 

 frequently found. Also in the division of the primary nucleus of the 

 pollen grains a minimum number of 6 was found. Variations were also 

 found in the number of chromosomes in somatic cells where the number 

 frequently rises well above 33, and especially in the older tissues of the 

 root-tip there is evidence of variation to lower numbers due to non- 

 distribution. But a further study of the same plants now shows that 

 33 chromosomes are usually to be found in the early stages of the 

 equatorial plate in somatic divisions especially in the undifferentiated 

 tissue or close to it. Since the somatic number for the other species 

 and for the wild plants of the fulvous type is 22, the haploid number 

 characteristic of the genus H. fulva is to be considered as 11 and the 

 clon Europa is to be regarded as a triploid. 



A group of triploid plants all identical in character and evidently 

 of a single clon was obtained from Takyu, Korea, through the kindness 

 of Mr. T. Susa. The flowers of these plants appear to be the same, or 

 nearly the same, as those of the Europa Daylily but further comparison 

 awaits the time when these plants become well established and of 

 mature stature. The clon Europa was in cultivation in Europe as early 

 as 1576 (Lobel, 1576) but it is possible that it also exists widely as a 

 cultivated plant and as an escape in the Orient. 



The clon Maculata. This clon was derived either from seed or from 

 a living plant sent from Shen-si, China to Florence, Italy about 1897. 

 Although originally described as a true botanical variety, the plant has 

 only been propagated vegetatively as a garden clon. The Maculata 

 Daylily (for colored plate and more complete description see Stout, 

 1929 c) closely resembles the Europa Daylily but the flowers are larger, 



