2 7 



given as H. minor, which may also be incorrect. The Japanese 

 names for this plant are given as "Yunsuge," meaning Evening 

 Daylily, and "Matsu-yoi-gusa," meaning Waiting Evening Herb. 

 Thus a nocturnal habit of flowering is to be recognized as charac- 

 teristic of certain members of the genus Hemerocallis, There 

 are then nightlilies as well as daylilies, or perhaps one may say 

 there are night-blooming daylilies. 



It is the rule for all the daylilies now known that a new set 

 of flowers opens, or begins anthesis, at some time each day 

 throughout the greater portion of the period when a plant is in 

 flower. There are however distinct differences among species 

 and clonal varieties in respect to the hour of the day when the 

 sets open and close and in regard to the length of time during 

 which they remain open, especially in reference to the daily 

 periods of sunlight and darkness. In general there are three 

 main habits of flowering among the daylilies: — (i) the diurnal 

 or day-blooming, (2) the nocturnal or night-blooming, and (3) 

 the extended blooming. 



The diurnal habit of flowering is well exemplified in the clon 

 of H. fulva, whose flower behavior was so clearly reported by 

 Lobel and by Parkinson. It is now known that this plant is 

 merely a horticultural clon and that it is a triploid variant of a 

 variable species widely distributed in the Orient. To distinguish 

 it from the various other somewhat different daylilies of the 

 same species, the name Europa Daylily is now being used. Its 

 flowers open after sunrise, usually about the time when direct 

 sunlight begins to reach the plants, and these flowers close 

 promptly about the time of sunset and before darkness ensues. 

 There is little deviation from this schedule except that there is 

 some delay in the opening when the weather is cool and cloudy. 

 The diurnal habit is seen also in all the other members of the 

 species H. fulva which the writer has observed, and these in- 

 clude the double-flow r ered daylilies, the clon Maculata, and about 

 100 individuals from the wild in China and Japan. There arc- 

 only slight variations among these in the exact time of opening 

 and closing. All are diurnal. 



The cultivated clon of a second species of fulvous daylily 

 known as H. aurantiaca may be classed as diurnal. The flower 

 buds start to open during the hours before sunrise but they 



