STATE GEOLOGIST. 75 



SOIilDAGO, L. GOLDKN-ROD. 



S. bicolor, L. Golden-rod. 



Lapham. The typical species is rare. 



S. bicolor, L., var. coucolor, Gray. Golden-rod. 



Common on roclis, north shore of lake Superior. Roherts, Jiini ; northwest side of 

 Mille Lacs, Uphnm ; falls of the St, Croix, Parry. 



S. latifolia, L. Golden-rod. 



Common, or frequent, throughout the state. 



S. csesia, L. Golden-rod. 



Lake Minnetonlia, Roberts, Herrick; lake Pepin, Miss Manning. Infrequent. 

 Southeast. 



S. piiberula, Nutt, Golden-rod. 



Lapham. Le Sueur county, Geclge ; Pembina, Havard. A golden-rod agreeing 

 well, except as to geographical limits, with the description of this species in Gray's Man- 

 ual, is common on dry prairies throughout southern Minnesota, extending northeast to 

 Todd and Crow Wing counties, Upham. 



S. iilisinosa, Nutt. (S. stricta, in Gray's Manual.) Golden-rod. 



North of lake Superior (common), Rofeeris ; Anoka county, Ju/ii; St. Croix river. 

 Parry ; lake Pepin, Miss Manning. North. 



S , speciosa, Nutt. Golden-rod. 



Minneapolis, ifJoberfs; lake Pepin, Miss Manning; Blue Earth county, -Lei&erfir. 

 South. 



S, .speciosa, Nutt., var. aiigiistata, Torr. & Gray. Golden-rod. 

 Stearns county, Campbell ; Emmet county, Iowa (rare), Cratty. 



S. speciosa, Nutt., var. rig-idiuscula, Torr. & Gray. Golden-rod. 



A form of the var. angustata, growing in dry open places, with more rigid and 

 rougher-edged small leaves. Minnesota to Nebraska and Texas. Gray's Synoptical 

 Flora of N. A. 



S. Virgaurea, L., var. alpiua, Bigelow. Golden-rod. 

 Lapham. North. 



[S. humilis, Pursh (S. Virgaurea, L., var. humilis. Gray), and S. macrophylla, 

 Pursh (S. thyrsoidea, E. Meyer), probably also occur, with the preceding, in northeast- 

 ern Minnesota.] 



of the ray oval, oblong or linear, of the disk funnel-shaped, 5-toothed, the teeth erect 

 or recurved. Branches of the style in the ray-flower, linear, smooth, the stigmatic 

 lines extending to the top ; in the disk, with the hairy appendages shorter or several 

 times longer than the stigmatic portion. Achenia oblong or obconic, terete or some- 

 what compressed. Pappus of the disk composed of several oblong or linear chaffy 

 scales, or reduced to a lacerate coroniform border, of the ray similar to that of the 

 disk, but commonly smaller or sometimes obsolete.— Mostly perennial and suffruticose 

 plants of North and South America, with glabrous and often resinous-dotted or var- 

 nished linear and entire or broader and denticulate leaves. 



G. Edthami.e, Torr. and Gray. Stems 6 to 15 inches high, numerous from a woody 

 and much-branched base, striated ; leaves crowded, narrowly linear, 1 to 2 inches long 

 14 to 1 line wide, 1-nerved, minutely scabrous, punctate, resinous, and sometimes var- 

 nished ; heads in little clusters forming compound corymbs ; involucres scarcely 2 lines 

 long and l line broad, narrowly obovate ; flowers of the ray 2 to 5, of the disk 3 to 6 ; 

 pappus of 9 or 10 obtuse unequal erose-dentlculate chaffy scales, a little shorter than 

 the achenium.— Plant growing in dense tufts, when in flower forming a conspicuous 

 yellow round-topped busly clump, Eaton In Bot. Rep. of King's Expl. of the For- 

 tieth Parallel. 



