40 INSECTS AFFECTING THE ORANGE. 



The perfect insect is a (burwin^i;e(l fly, 1.2™'" (0.05 iiicli) long-, honey- 

 yellow in color, and with dark brown eyes. The antenu;e have appar- 

 ently six joints, but the last three joints are closely united into an 

 eloiij:?ate club, and the real nund)er of joints is therefore eiyht. The 

 abdomen is rather broadly oval, and in the female bears on the nii<ldle 

 of her underside the sharply-pointed eg;^-drill. 



The larva is a yellowish white, naked grub, so thick and short as to 

 be almost spherical. It is without viiiible members, even the head bcinji' 

 withdrawn out of sight into the body. The body is plainly ringed, in- 

 dicating the joints, and the dark intestinal contents are seen as a red 

 or brown cloud through its walls. Length 0.5"'™ (O.OIJ inch). 



The pupa is twice as long as wide, flattened, oval, and has a tinge of 

 yellow color. It shows the form of the perfect insect through the trans- 

 parent envelope.* 



THE ORANGE CFIIONASPIS. 



(Chionaspis citri Comstock.) 



A new Bark-louse of the Orange has been described by Professor 

 (.'omstock, in the Second Entomological Report of Cornell University, 

 as follows: " In the Report of the Department of Agriculture for 1880 I 

 described a species of Chionaspis Avhich differed from al! other species 

 of that genus known at that time by the color of the scale of the female, 

 which is black. This species was found on Eiionymus lafifolia at ISTor- 

 folk, Va. 1 stated in my account of this insect that it occurred also on 

 (•range trees in Louisiana and Cuba. A re-examinatio-.i of the speci- 

 mens on orange has convinced me that they are specitically distinct 

 from those on euonymus. I therefore propose for that form the specific 

 name of citri. The species can be recognized bythe following characters: 



" Scale of Female. — The scale of the female is of a dirty blackish brown 

 c«)lor with a gray margin ; the exuviae are brownish yellow. There is 

 a central ridge from which the sides of the scale slope like the roof of a 

 house. The greater prominence of this ridge, and the niore elongated 

 form of the scale are the principal differences between this scale and 

 that of the female of Ch. euonj/mi. There is no danger of its being mis- 

 taken for any other known species. 



^^ Female. — * * * This species may readily be distinguished from 

 (Jk. euonymi by the following characters: There are no groups of spin- 

 nerets; the mesal lobes are larger and more distinctly serrate than in 

 ■Ch. euonynd; and in the last-named species the plates are in twos, while 

 ,in Vh. citri they occur singly." 



According to observations made by Mr. L. O. Howard, the Orange 

 iC'hionaspis is theespecial pest of orange groves in Louisiana. Ithasbeen 

 found by him at Pattersonville, Saint Mary's Parish ; at Woodville, 50 



* This i)arasite is evideutly an Aphelinus, but tlie only specimen in Mr. Habbard's 

 collection is too poor for specific determination. — C. V. R. 



